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Hydrogeochemical Processes in a Small Eastern Mediterranean Karst Watershed (Nahr Ibrahim, Lebanon)
Aquatic Geochemistry ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10498-018-9346-x
N. Hanna , B. Lartiges , V. Kazpard , E. Maatouk , N. Amacha , S. Sassine , A. El Samrani

Watersheds located in semiarid areas such as the eastern Mediterranean are particularly sensitive to the impact of climate change. To gain knowledge on the hydrogeochemical processes occurring in the Nahr Ibrahim watershed, a Critical Zone Observatory in Lebanon, we analyze the isotopic composition of the river water as well as the concentrations of the major ions exported (Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3, Na+, Cl, K+, SO42−). Sampling campaigns were conducted from March 2014 to August 2016 to capture contrasting hydrological conditions. The results indicate that the carbonate lithology of the watershed is the predominant source of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3, whereas the low contents of Na+, Cl, K+, SO42− mainly originate from sea spray. Except in the headwaters, the Nahr Ibrahim River is oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. During wet seasons, calcite weathering and dolomite weathering contribute in an equivalent manner to the solute budget, whereas during dry seasons, calcite precipitates in the river. The isotopic composition of the river water reveals little seasonal dependency, the groundwater recharge by snowmelt infiltration leading to spring waters depleted in heavier isotopes during the dry seasons. A carbonate weathering rate of about 176 t/km2/year was determined at the outlet of the Nahr Ibrahim watershed. The calculated values of CO2 partial pressure, on average twice the atmospheric pressure, suggest that the river is a significant source of CO2 to the atmosphere (111 t/year).

中文翻译:

地中海东部岩溶小流域中的水文地球化学过程(黎巴嫩纳赫尔·易卜拉欣)

位于地中海东部等半干旱地区的分水岭对气候变化的影响尤为敏感。为了了解黎巴嫩关键地区天文台Nahr Ibrahim流域发生的水文地球化学过程,我们分析了河​​水的同位素组成以及出口的主要离子浓度(Ca 2 +,Mg 2 +,HCO 3 - ,钠+,氯-,K +,SO 4 2-)。2014年3月至2016年8月进行了抽样运动,以捕捉水文条件截然不同的情况。结果表明,该流域的碳酸盐岩性是钙的主要来源。2+,镁2+和HCO 3 - ,而钠的低含量+,氯-,K +,SO 4 2-主要来源于海喷雾。除了上游水源,Nahr Ibrahim河的方解石和白云石含量过饱和。在雨季,方解石风化和白云岩风化对溶质预算的贡献相等,而在旱季,方解石在河中沉淀。河流水的同位素组成几乎没有季节依赖性,融雪的渗入使地下水补给,导致干旱季节春季泉水中较重的同位素耗尽。碳酸盐风化速率约为176 t / km在Nahr Ibrahim流域的出口确定了2 / year。计算得出的CO 2分压值(平均为大气压力的两倍)表明,河流是大气中CO 2的重要来源(111吨/年)。
更新日期:2018-12-14
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