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The role of temperature as a driver of metabolic flexibility in the Red-billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea)
Avian Research ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-10 , DOI: 10.1186/s40657-019-0184-3
Danqi Cui , Na Wang , Jingru Ge , Jiaying Xu , Weihong Zheng , Jinsong Liu

The thermoregulatory ability of animals is strongly influenced by the temperature of their environment. Acclimation to cold requires a range of physiological and morphological adjustments. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a small passerine, the Red-billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea), can maintain homeothermy in cold conditions by adjusting the physiology and biochemistry of its tissue and organs and return to its former physiological and biochemical state when moved to a warm temperature. Phenotypic variation in thermogenic activity of the Red-billed Leiothrixs (Leiothrix lutea) was investigated under warm (35 °C), normal (25 °C) or cold (15 °C) ambient temperature conditions. Oxygen consumption was measured using an open-circuit respirometry system. Mitochondrial state-4 respiration and cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) activity in liver, kidney heart and pectoral muscle were measured with a Clark electrode. Birds acclimated to an ambient temperature of 15 °C for 4 weeks significantly increased their basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared to a control group kept at 25 °C. Birds acclimated to 35 °C decreased their BMR, gross energy intake (GEI) and digestible energy intake (DEI). Furthermore, birds acclimated to 15 °C increased state-4 respiration in their pectoral muscles and cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) activity in their liver and pectoral muscle, compared to the 25 °C control group. Birds acclimated to 35 °C also displayed lower state-4 respiration and COX activity in the liver, heart and pectoral muscles, compared to those kept at 25 °C. There was a positive correlation between BMR and state-4 respiration, and between BMR and COX activity, in all of the above organs except the liver and heart. Our study illustrates that the morphological, physiological, and enzymatic changes are associated with temperature acclimation in the Red-billed Leiothrix, and supports the notion that the primary means by which small birds meet the energetic challenges of cold conditions is through metabolic adjustments.

中文翻译:

温度在红嘴Leiothrix(Leiothrix lutea)中作为代谢柔韧性驱动因素的作用

动物的体温调节能力受其环境温度的强烈影响。适应寒冷需要一系列的生理和形态调节。在这项研究中,我们测试了以下假说:小雀形目红嘴犀牛(Leiothrix lutea)可以通过调节其组织和器官的生理和生化状态,在寒冷的条件下维持体温疗法,并在恢复时恢复其以前的生理和生化状态。移到温暖的温度。在温暖(35°C),正常(25°C)或寒冷(15°C)的环境温度条件下,研究了红嘴狮(Leiothrix lutea)的产热活性表型变化。使用开路呼吸测定系统测量氧气消耗量。肝脏中线粒体4状态的呼吸作用和细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)活性,用Clark电极测量肾脏心脏和胸肌。与保持在25°C的对照组相比,在15°C的环境温度下适应4周的鸟类显着提高了其基础代谢率(BMR)。鸟儿适应35°C的温度会降低其BMR,总能量摄入(GEI)和可消化能量摄入(DEI)。此外,与25°C的对照组相比,适应15°C的鸟类增加了其胸肌的4状态呼吸以及肝脏和胸肌的细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)活性。与保持在25°C的鸟相比,适应35°C的鸟在肝脏,心脏和胸肌中也显示出较低的4型呼吸和COX活性。BMR和状态4呼吸之间以及BMR和COX活性之间存在正相关,在上述所有器官中,除了肝脏和心脏。我们的研究表明,红嘴狮Lei的形态,生理和酶学变化与温度适应有关,并支持这样的观念,即小鸟应对寒冷条件的能量挑战的主要手段是通过代谢调节。
更新日期:2019-12-10
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