Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and benthic nutrient fluxes were measured at five sites using an in situ benthic chamber: fish farm (FF), oyster farm (OF), Tongyeong Marine Science Station (TMSS), and two controls (FF-C and OF-C) June 27–July 1, 2017, to assess the impact of aquaculture on coastal waters of southern Korea. The net oxygen production rate of the epiphyte community attached to farming facilities was also measured using an oxygen microsensor to quantify the potential contribution of organic matter to bottom sediment. The SODs at the FF and OF were − 155.2 ± 0.2 m⁻² day⁻¹ and − 88.6 ± 0.1 m⁻² day⁻¹ respectively, more than twice those of the control sites (FF-C and OF-C). The benthic fluxes of ammonium and phosphate at the fish farm were 12.7 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹ and 3.3 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹, respectively, which were ~ 10 times higher than those of the control sites and ~ 1.5 times higher than at the OF site. The benthic N and P fluxes accounted for 128% and 501%, respectively, at FF and 89% and 70% of N and P requirements, respectively, at OF for primary production. This suggests that aquaculture activities result in an excess supply of nutrients to the water column, thereby inducing eutrophication in the coastal ecosystem. Potentially, the net production of organic carbon by the epiphyte community yielded about 65 mmol C m⁻² day⁻¹, which suggests that organic matter produced by epiphytic communities substantially contributed to benthic respiration. Thus, the commercial finfish and oyster farms increased SOD and benthic nutrient flux, but at a conservatively managed aquaculture (TMSS), there were minimal benthic impacts.

中文翻译：

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与韩国巨济统营沿海水域网箱鱼和延绳牡蛎养殖相关的底栖呼吸和养分释放

使用原位底栖室在五个地点测量了沉积物需氧量（SOD）和底栖营养通量：鱼类养殖场（FF），牡蛎养殖场（OF），统营海洋科学站（TMSS）和两个对照（FF-C和OF-C），于2017年6月27日至7月1日，评估水产养殖对韩国南部沿海水域的影响。还使用氧气微传感器测量了附着在耕作设施上的附生植物群落的净氧气产生速率，以量化有机物对底部沉积物的潜在贡献。FF和OF的SOD为-155.2±0.2 m ^-2 天^-1和-88.6±0.1 m ^-2 天^-1分别是对照位点（FF-C和OF-C）的两倍以上。养鱼场中铵和磷酸盐的底流通量分别为12.7 mmol m ^－2 天^-1和3.3 mmol m ^－2 天^-1，比对照地点的底流高约10倍，比对照高约1.5倍。在OF网站上。在初级生产中，底栖的N和P通量分别占FF和N和P需求的89％和70％的FF的128％和501％。这表明水产养殖活动导致向水柱提供过多的养分，从而在沿海生态系统中引起富营养化。附生植物群落潜在的有机碳净生产量约为65 mmol C m ^-2 第^-1天，这表明附生群落产生的有机物大大促进了底栖呼吸作用。因此，商业有鳍鱼类和牡蛎养殖场增加了SOD和底栖养分通量，但在保守管理的水产养殖（TMSS）中，底栖影响最小。