Computational modeling of empathy has recently become an increasingly popular way of studying human relations. It provides a way to increase our understanding of the link between affective and cognitive processes and enhance our interaction with artificial agents. However, the variety of fields contributing to empathy research has resulted in isolated approaches to modeling empathy, and this has led to various definitions of empathy and an absence of common ground regarding underlying empathic processes. Although this diversity may be useful in that it allows for an in-depth examination of various processes linked to empathy, it also may not yet provide a coherent theoretical picture of empathy. We argue that a clear theoretical positioning is required for collective progress. The aim of this article is, therefore, to call for a holistic and multilayered view of a model of empathy, taken from the rich background research from various disciplines. To achieve this, we present a comprehensive background on the theoretical foundations, followed by the working definitions, components, and models of empathy that are proposed by various fields. Following this introduction, we provide a detailed review of the existing techniques used in AI research to model empathy in interactive agents, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. We conclude with a discussion of future directions in this emerging field.

中文翻译：

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共情建模：在情感和认知过程之间建立联系

同理心的计算建模最近已成为研究人际关系的一种越来越流行的方式。它提供了一种方法来增加我们对情感和认知过程之间联系的理解，并增强我们与人工代理的互动。然而，对同理心研究有贡献的各种领域导致了对同理心建模的孤立方法，这导致了同理心的各种定义，并且缺乏关于潜在共情过程的共同点。尽管这种多样性可能很有用，因为它允许深入研究与同理心相关的各种过程，但它也可能还没有提供一个连贯的同理心理论图景。我们认为集体进步需要明确的理论定位。因此，本文的目的是，呼吁从各个学科的丰富背景研究中获取同理心模型的整体和多层视图。为了实现这一点，我们提供了理论基础的全面背景，然后是各个领域提出的同理心的工作定义、组成部分和模型。在此介绍之后，我们详细回顾了 AI 研究中用于模拟交互代理中的同理心的现有技术，重点介绍每种方法的优缺点。我们最后讨论了这个新兴领域的未来方向。以及各个领域提出的同理心模型。在此介绍之后，我们详细回顾了 AI 研究中用于模拟交互代理中的同理心的现有技术，重点介绍每种方法的优缺点。我们最后讨论了这个新兴领域的未来方向。以及各个领域提出的同理心模型。在此介绍之后，我们详细回顾了 AI 研究中用于模拟交互代理中的同理心的现有技术，重点介绍每种方法的优缺点。我们最后讨论了这个新兴领域的未来方向。