Pollen analysis has long been used as a tool to make an assessment of regional vegetation. On-site pollen samples are taken for the same purpose at some excavations, because they are often the only available contexts with good preservation conditions. This paper shows that the analysis of on- and off-site pollen samples from the same region (West Frisia, the Netherlands) and time period (Dutch Bronze Age; ca. 2000–800 bc) can give very conflicting results on the type and amount of regional vegetation, in this case forest cover. Reasons for this discrepancy are discussed in relation to the use of on-site contexts by people in the past, as well as their location within a settlement. Furthermore, the potential of these contexts for the assessment of locally performed subsistence-related activities is outlined. New research directions are required to test this potential, so that wells and other man-made pollen traps can become a valuable future tool for reconstructing the past.

中文翻译：

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没事吧 比较现场和现场花粉样本，并从人为背景中探索花粉的潜力

花粉分析长期以来一直用作评估区域植被的工具。在某些发掘现场，为相同目的采集现场花粉样本，因为它们通常是唯一具有良好保存条件的环境。本文表明，对同一地区（西弗里西亚，荷兰）和时段（荷兰青铜时代；约2000–800 bc）的现场和现场花粉样品的分析）可能会在区域植被的类型和数量（在这种情况下为森林覆盖）上产生非常矛盾的结果。讨论了这种差异的原因，包括人们过去使用现场环境以及他们在定居点中的位置。此外，还概述了这些情况在评估当地开展的与生计有关的活动方面的潜力。需要新的研究方向来测试这种潜力，以便水井和其他人造花粉陷阱可以成为重建过去的有价值的未来工具。