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A real-time scratchpad-centric OS with predictable inter/intra-core communication for multi-core embedded systems
Real-Time Systems ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s11241-019-09340-0
Rohan Tabish , Renato Mancuso , Saud Wasly , Rodolfo Pellizzoni , Marco Caccamo

Multi-core processors have replaced single-core systems in almost every segment of the industry. Unfortunately, their increased complexity often causes a loss of temporal predictability which represents a key requirement for hard real-time systems. Major sources of unpredictability are shared low level resources, such as the memory hierarchy and the I/O subsystem. In this paper, we approach the problem of shared resource arbitration at an OS-level and propose a novel scratchpad-centric OS design for multi-core platforms. In the proposed OS, the predictable usage of shared resources across multiple cores represents a central design-time goal. Hence, we show (i) how contention-free execution of real-time tasks can be achieved on scratchpad-based architectures, and (ii) how a separation of application logic and I/O operations in time domain can be enforced, and (iii) how predictable asynchronous inter/intra-core communication between tasks can be performed. To validate the proposed design, we implemented the proposed OS using commercial-off-the-shelf (MPC5777M) platform. Experimental results show that novel design delivers predictable temporal behavior to hard real-time tasks, and it provides performance gain of upto 2.1×\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.1\,\times $$\end{document} compared to traditional approaches.

中文翻译:

一个实时的以暂存器为中心的操作系统,为多核嵌入式系统提供可预测的内核间/内核通信

多核处理器几乎在行业的每个领域都取代了单核系统。不幸的是,它们增加的复杂性通常会导致时间可预测性的丧失,这代表了硬实时系统的关键要求。不可预测性的主要来源是共享的低级资源,例如内存层次结构和 I/O 子系统。在本文中,我们解决了操作系统级别的共享资源仲裁问题,并为多核平台提出了一种新颖的以暂存器为中心的操作系统设计。在提议的操作系统中,跨多个内核的共享资源的可预测使用代表了一个中心设计时目标。因此,我们展示了 (i) 如何在基于暂存器的架构上实现实时任务的无竞争执行,(ii) 如何在时域中实施应用逻辑和 I/O 操作的分离,以及 (iii) 如何执行任务之间的可预测异步内核间/内核内通信。为了验证提议的设计,我们使用商业现货 (MPC5777M) 平台实施了提议的操作系统。实验结果表明,新颖的设计为硬实时任务提供了可预测的时间行为,并提供高达 2.1×\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \ 的性能增益usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.1\,\times $$\end{document} 与传统相比方法。(iii) 如何在任务之间执行可预测的异步内核间/内核内通信。为了验证提议的设计,我们使用商业现货 (MPC5777M) 平台实施了提议的操作系统。实验结果表明,新颖的设计为硬实时任务提供了可预测的时间行为,并提供高达 2.1×\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \ 的性能增益usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.1\,\times $$\end{document} 与传统相比方法。(iii) 如何在任务之间执行可预测的异步内核间/内核内通信。为了验证提议的设计,我们使用商业现货 (MPC5777M) 平台实施了提议的操作系统。实验结果表明,新颖的设计为硬实时任务提供了可预测的时间行为,并提供高达 2.1×\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \ 的性能增益usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.1\,\times $$\end{document} 与传统相比方法。
更新日期:2019-09-05
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