Disasters are highly complex with often extreme consequences and are often exacerbated by decision errors. Human behaviour in this domain offers a fertile ground for studying decision-making and identifying opportunities for improvement. This research sought to improve the quality of decision-making by developing an aide memoire for managing cognitive biases in emergency management. Based on the appropriate literature, 58 of Australia’s leading marine spill disaster response experts identified and ranked the most important cognitive biases in a group setting. The results were translated into language relevant to emergency management practitioners and reframed into a series of questions. The identification of nine cognitive biases in the aide memoire can first be used to assess the available information, intelligence and decisions, and then used to determine the meaning of the information, intelligence and decisions. The paper discusses the applicability of the aide memoire to decision errors identified in recent man-made and natural disasters. Finally, the article addresses a criticism that research findings are often not useful to industry by suggesting how the aide memoire can be used in practice.

中文翻译：

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在灾难响应过程中管理认知偏差：备忘录的开发

灾难非常复杂，通常会产生极端后果，并且经常因决策错误而加剧。该领域的人类行为为研究决策制定和确定改进机会提供了肥沃的土壤。本研究旨在通过制定管理应急管理认知偏差的备忘录来提高决策质量。根据适当的文献，澳大利亚 58 位领先的海洋溢油灾害响应专家确定并排列了群体环境中最重要的认知偏差。结果被翻译成与应急管理从业人员相关的语言，并重新构建为一系列问题。备忘录中九种认知偏差的识别可首先用于评估可用信息、情报和决策，然后用于确定信息、情报和决策的含义。本文讨论了备忘录对最近人为和自然灾害中发现的决策错误的适用性。最后，本文通过建议如何在实践中使用备忘录来解决批评，即研究结果通常对行业无用。