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Selenium and hydrogen selenide: essential micronutrient and the fourth gasotransmitter?
Intensive Care Medicine Experimental Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0281-y
Mathun Kuganesan 1 , Kavitej Samra 1 , Eloise Evans 1 , Mervyn Singer 1 , Alex Dyson 1
Affiliation  

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient required by organisms of diverse lineage. Dietary Se is converted to hydrogen selenide either enzymatically or by endogenous antioxidant proteins. This convergent biochemical step crucially underlies the subsequent biological activity of Se and argues for inclusion of hydrogen selenide as the fourth endogenous gasotransmitter alongside nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide.Endogenously generated hydrogen selenide is incorporated into numerous ‘selenoprotein’ oxidoreductase enzymes, essential for maintaining redox-status homeostasis in health and disease. Direct effects of endogenous hydrogen selenide on cellular and molecular targets are currently unknown. Given exogenously, hydrogen selenide acts as a modulator of metabolism via transient inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase. Here we provide an overview of Se biology, its impact on several physiological systems (immune, endocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic) and its utility as a supplement in acute and critical illness states. We further explore the evidence base supporting its role as the fourth gasotransmitter and propose a strategic case towards generation of novel selenomimetic therapeutics.

中文翻译:

硒和硒化氢:必需的微量营养素和第四种气体传输剂?

硒 (Se) 是不同谱系生物所需的必需微量营养素。膳食硒通过酶促或内源性抗氧化蛋白转化为硒化氢。这种趋同的生化步骤是硒随后生物活性的关键基础,并主张将硒化氢作为第四种内源性气体传递体与一氧化氮、一氧化碳和硫化氢一起使用。内源性产生的硒化氢被纳入众多“硒蛋白”氧化还原酶中,对于维持健康和疾病中的氧化还原状态稳态。内源性硒化氢对细胞和分子靶标的直接影响目前尚不清楚。鉴于外源性,硒化氢通过瞬时抑制线粒体细胞色素 C 氧化酶作为代谢调节剂。在这里,我们概述了硒生物学、它对多种生理系统(免疫、内分泌、心血管和代谢)的影响及其作为急性和危重疾病状态补充剂的效用。我们进一步探索了支持其作为第四种气体递质作用的证据基础,并提出了一个产生新型拟硒疗法的战略案例。
更新日期:2019-12-01
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