The interior noise in train carriages has become an important design parameter for passenger comfort with the proliferation of high-speed rail systems around the world, because passengers spend a few hours on these trains for traveling between cities spanning more than 1000 km apart. However, there are limited reported studies on comparing the carriage noise for different high-speed rail systems. In this study, the carriage noise of three high-speed (top speed between 200 and 300 km/h) and four express rail systems (top speed between 100 and 200 km/h) was recorded with an Android smartphone running Noise Explorer (an app we have developed for measuring noise) and analyzed on PC to benchmark differences among high-speed and express trains. The advantage of using a smartphone for measurements is to leverage citizen scientists for large-scale-simultaneous measurements. The results show that the average carriage noise level is between 64 and 75 dBA which is well below the typical legally acceptable limit of 85 dBA over an 8-h period for noise exposure. The average carriage noise level in dBC was found to be much higher than the corresponding average carriage noise level in dBA, indicating a significant presence of low-frequency content in the carriage noise. Finally, the carriage noise for a train in a tunnel was found to be higher than the same train on an open surface track by 4 to 7 dB.

中文翻译：

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使用智能手机记录和分析各种高铁系统的运输噪声

随着高铁系统在全球范围内的普及，火车车厢内的噪音已成为提高乘客舒适度的重要设计参数，因为乘客在这些火车上花费数小时才能在相距1000多公里的城市之间行驶。然而，关于比较不同的高铁系统的车厢噪音的研究报道很少。在本研究中，使用运行Noise Explorer的Android智能手机记录了三个高速（最高时速在200至300 km / h之间）和四个高速铁路系统（最高时速在100至200 km / h之间）的车厢噪音（我们开发的用于测量噪声的应用），并在PC上进行了分析，以比较高速列车和特快列车之间的差异。使用智能手机进行测量的优点是可以利用公民科学家进行大规模同时测量。结果表明，平均车厢噪音水平在64至75 dBA之间，远低于在8小时内暴露于噪音的法律上可接受的典型限值85 dBA。发现以dBC为单位的平均滑架噪声水平远远高于以dBA为单位的相应平均滑架噪声水平，这表明滑架噪声中大量存在低频成分。最后，发现隧道中火车的车厢噪声比露天地面轨道上的同一列火车高4至7 dB。