Previous studies have assessed the diversity of gastrointestinal bacteria in bats and reported that some of the strains are pathogenic to humans; therefore, bats are considered to be potential reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. However, the bacterial diversity and types of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of Rhinolophus luctus and Murina leucogaster have not yet been determined. Humans frequently come into contact with these species; therefore, assessments of their gut microbiota, especially potential pathogens, are essential for public health. In the present study, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to address this research gap, and the results were compared with those reported previously. The V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform to determine the bacterial community of the stomach and the intestines of R. luctus and M. leucogaster. The bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of R. luctus and M. leucogaster were classified into three and four main bacterial phyla, respectively. In both R. luctus and M. leucogaster, the dominant phylum was Proteobacteria (stomach 86.07% and 95.79%, intestines 91.87% and 88.78%, respectively), followed by Firmicutes (stomach 13.84% and 4.19%, intestines 8.11% and 11.20%, respectively). In total, 18 and 20 bacterial genera occurred in a relative abundance of 0.01% or more in the gastrointestinal tracts of R. luctus and M. leucogaster, respectively. In R. luctus, the dominant genera were Lactococcus (10.11%) and Paeniclostridium (3.41%) in the stomach, and Undibacterium (28.56%) and Paeniclostridium (4.69%) in the intestines. In M. leucogaster, the dominant genera were Undibacterium (54.41%) and Burkholderia (5.28%) in the stomach, and Undibacterium (29.67%) and Enterococcus (7.19%) in the intestines. Among the detected gastrointestinal tract flora of R. luctus and M. leucogaster, 12 bacterial genera were pathogenic or opportunistic pathogens. A high number of human pathogens were detected in the gastrointestinal tracts of R. luctus and M. leucogaster, which demonstrates the urgency for increased efforts in the prevention and management of bat-to-human disease transmission from these species.

中文翻译：

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河南省犀牛和鼠尾草胃肠道中细菌的多样性

先前的研究评估了蝙蝠中胃肠道细菌的多样性，并报道了其中的一些菌株对人类具有致病性。因此，蝙蝠被认为是人畜共患病病原体的潜在库。然而，尚未确定在短小犀牛和Murina leucogaster胃肠道中的细菌多样性和致病菌的类型。人类经常与这些物种接触。因此，评估其肠道菌群，尤其是潜在的病原体，对于公共卫生至关重要。在本研究中，使用MiSeq高通量测序解决了这一研究空白，并将结果与​​先前报道的结果进行了比较。使用MiSeq高通量测序平台对16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区域进行测序，以测定胃细菌以及R.luctus和M.leucogaster的细菌群落。R.luctus和M.leucogaster胃肠道中的细菌分别分为三个和四个主要细菌门。在R. luctus和M. leucogaster中，主要菌门都是Proteobacteria（胃分别为86.07％和95.79％，肠为91.87％和88.78％），其次是Firmicutes（胃分别为13.84％和4.19％，肠8.11％和11.20％） ， 分别）。总共有18和20个细菌属，相对丰度分别在R. luctus和M. leucogaster的胃肠道中发生，为0.01％或更高。在R. luctus中，优势属是乳球菌（10.11％）和Pa草（3。胃中有41％），肠中有双歧杆菌（28.56％）和Pa草（4.69％）。在白带分枝杆菌中，优势属是胃中的双歧杆菌（54.41％）和伯克霍尔德氏菌（5.28％），肠中的双歧杆菌（29.67％）和肠球菌（7.19％）。在检测到的R.luctus和M.leucogaster胃肠道菌群中，有12个细菌属是致病性或机会性病原体。在R.luctus和M.leucogaster的胃肠道中检测到大量人类病原体，这表明迫切需要加大预防和管理这些物种从蝙蝠到人类疾病的传播。胃中有28％的细菌，肠中有双歧杆菌（29.67％）和肠球菌（7.19％）。在检测到的R. luctus和M. leucogaster的胃肠道菌群中，有12个细菌属是致病性或机会性病原体。在R.luctus和M.leucogaster的胃肠道中检测到大量人类病原体，这表明迫切需要加大预防和管理这些物种从蝙蝠到人类疾病的传播。胃中有28％的细菌，肠中有双歧杆菌（29.67％）和肠球菌（7.19％）。在检测到的R.luctus和M.leucogaster胃肠道菌群中，有12个细菌属是致病性或机会性病原体。在R.luctus和M.leucogaster的胃肠道中检测到大量人类病原体，这表明迫切需要加大预防和管理这些物种从蝙蝠到人类疾病的传播。