Maharlu Lake with Na–Cl water type is the terminal point of a closed basin in southern Iran. A total of 10 water samples from two rivers discharging to the lake and 78 water samples of surface and pore brine of Maharlu Lake have been collected from different depths (surface, 20, 50 and 100 cm) of four sampling stations along the lake during a period of lake water-level fluctuation (November 2014–July 2015). To investigate chemical interaction between lake surface water and shallow pore water and to understand the major factors governing chemical composition of Maharlu brine, concentrations of major and minor (boron, bromide and lithium) solutes, pH and total dissolved solids have been measured in collected water samples. Saturation indices of evaporite minerals in collected water samples have been also calculated. The chemical behavior of dissolved solutes and evaporative evolution of the lake brine during a hydrological period have been simulated using PHREEQC. The results of our investigations indicated that chemical composition of lake surface water and pore brine of Maharlu Lake are mainly connected with lake water-level fluctuations and distance from input rivers (and depth), respectively. Hydrochemical investigations and statistical analysis showed that the brines chemistry of Maharlu is mainly controlled by three processes: brine evaporative evolution, dissolution–precipitation and diagenetic evolution of secondary carbonates.

中文翻译：

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表征伊朗南部马哈鲁湖表面和孔隙盐水化学成分的空间和季节变化的主要控制因素

NaCl水类型的Maharlu湖是伊朗南部一个封闭盆地的终点。在一次降雨期间，从沿湖的四个采样站的不同深度（地表，20、50和100厘米）收集了来自两条流向湖泊的河流的10个水样以及马哈鲁湖的地表和孔隙盐水的78个水样。湖水位波动的时期（2014年11月至2015年7月）。为了调查湖面水和浅层孔隙水之间的化学相互作用，并了解控制马哈卢卤水化学成分的主要因素，在收集的水中测量了主要和次要（硼，溴化物和锂）溶质的浓度，pH值和总溶解固体样品。还计算了收集的水样中蒸发矿物的饱和指数。使用PHREEQC模拟了水文期间溶质的化学行为和湖盐水的蒸发演化。我们的调查结果表明，马哈鲁湖的地表水和孔隙盐水的化学成分主要与湖泊水位的涨落和与输入河流的距离（和深度）有关。水化学研究和统计分析表明，马哈鲁的盐水化学主要受三个过程控制：盐水蒸发蒸发，溶解-沉淀和次生碳酸盐岩的成岩演化。我们的调查结果表明，马哈鲁湖的地表水和孔隙盐水的化学成分主要与湖泊水位的涨落和与输入河流的距离（和深度）有关。水化学研究和统计分析表明，马哈鲁的盐水化学主要受三个过程控制：盐水蒸发蒸发，溶解-沉淀和次生碳酸盐岩的成岩演化。我们的调查结果表明，马哈鲁湖的地表水和孔隙盐水的化学成分主要与湖泊水位的涨落和与输入河流的距离（和深度）有关。水化学研究和统计分析表明，马哈鲁的盐水化学主要受三个过程控制：盐水蒸发蒸发，溶解-沉淀和次生碳酸盐岩的成岩演化。