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Energy Efficient User Association, Power, and Flow Control in Millimeter Wave Backhaul Heterogeneous Networks
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2019-11-14 , DOI: 10.1109/ojcoms.2019.2953576
Sylvester Aboagye , Ahmed Ibrahim , Telex M. N. Ngatched

This paper studies the problem of energy efficiency (EE) maximization via user association, power, and backhaul (BH) flow control in the downlink of millimeter wave BH heterogeneous networks. This problem is mathematically formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear program, which is non-convex. To get a tractable solution, the initial problem is separated into two sub-problems and optimized sequentially. The first is a joint user association and power control sub-problem for the access network (AN) (AN sub-problem). The second is a joint flow and power control sub-problem for the BH network (BH sub-problem). While the BH sub-problem is a convex optimization problem and hence can be efficiently solved, the AN sub-problem assumes the form of a generalized assignment problem, which is known to be NP-hard. To that end, we utilize Lagrangian decomposition to propose two polynomial time solution techniques that obtain a high-quality solution for the AN sub-problem. The first, referred to as Technique A, uses dynamic programming, the subgradient method, and a heuristic. The second, named Technique B, uses the multiplier adjustment method, the sorting algorithm, and a heuristic. Simulation results are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed energy efficient user association, power, and BH flow control algorithms as compared with benchmark user association schemes that incorporate the BH sub-problem algorithm, in terms of the total AN power, BH power, and overall network (AN plus BH) EE. The computational complexity and practical implementation of the proposed algorithms are discussed.

中文翻译:

毫米波回程异构网络中的节能用户关联,功率和流量控制

本文研究了毫米波BH异构网络下行链路中通过用户关联,功率和回程(BH)流量控制实现的能效(EE)最大化问题。这个问题在数学上被公式化为非整数的混合整数非线性程序。为了获得可解决的解决方案,将初始问题分为两个子问题并进行顺序优化。第一个是接入网(AN)的联合用户关联和功率控制子问题(AN子问题)。第二个是BH网络的联合流量和功率控制子问题(BH子问题)。BH子问题是凸优化问题,因此可以有效解决,而AN子问题则采用广义分配问题的形式,即NP-难问题。为此,我们利用拉格朗日分解法提出了两项​​多项式时间解技术,这些技术为AN子问题获得了高质量的解。第一种称为技术A,使用动态编程,次梯度方法和启发式方法。第二种名为技术B,使用乘数调整方法,排序算法和启发式方法。仿真结果用于证明所提出的高能效用户关联,功率和BH流量控制算法与结合了BH子问题算法的基准用户关联方案相比在总AN功率,BH功率,以及整个网络(AN加BH)的EE。讨论了所提出算法的计算复杂度和实际实现。
更新日期:2019-11-14
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