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Scheduling real-time systems with cyclic dependence using data criticality
Design Automation for Embedded Systems ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10617-017-9185-9
Imane Hafnaoui , Rabeh Ayari , Gabriela Nicolescu , Giovanni Beltrame

The increase of interdependent components in avionic and automotive software rises new challenges for real-time system integration. For instance, most scheduling and mapping techniques proposed in the literature rely on the availability of the system’s DAG representation. However, at the initial stage of system design, a dataflow graph (DFG) is generally used to represent the dependence between software components. Due to limited software knowledge, legacy components might not have fully-specified dependencies, leading to cycles in the DFG and making it difficult to determine the overall scheduling of the system as well as restrict access to DAG-based techniques. In this paper, we propose an approach that breaks cycles based on the assignment of a degree of importance and that with no inherent knowledge of the functional or temporal behaviour of the components. We define a “criticality” metric that quantifies the effect of removing edges on the system by tracking the propagation of error in the graph. The approach was reported to produce systems \((56 \pm 14)\%\) less critical than other methods. It was also validated on two case studies; a data modem and an industrial full-mission simulator, while ensuring the correctness of the system is maintained.

中文翻译:

使用数据关键性调度具有循环依赖关系的实时系统

航空电子和汽车软件中相互依赖的组件的增加为实时系统集成提出了新的挑战。例如,文献中提出的大多数调度和映射技术都依赖于系统DAG表示的可用性。但是,在系统设计的初始阶段,通常使用数据流图(DFG)来表示软件组件之间的依赖关系。由于有限的软件知识,旧有的组件可能没有完全指定的依赖性,从而导致DFG中的循环并使其难以确定系统的总体调度,并限制了对基于DAG的技术的访问。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法,该方法根据重要性的分配来中断周期,并且不了解组件的功能或时间行为。我们定义了一个“关键性”度量标准,该度量标准通过跟踪图中误差的传播来量化消除系统边缘的影响。据报道该方法产生了系统\(((56 \ pm 14)\%\)的重要性不如其他方法。在两个案例研究中也对此进行了验证;数据调制解调器和工业全负荷模拟器,同时确保维持系统的正确性。
更新日期:2017-05-02
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