Objectives: The objective of this study was (a) to identify, by computer processing of digitized images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained biopsy material of the cervix, differences in the structure of nuclei between high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) human papillomavirus virus (HPV) types and (b) to assess the HPV risk type by designing a decision-support system (DSS). Materials and Methods: Clinical material comprised H&E-stained biopsies from squamous intraepithelial lesions of 55 patients with polymerase chain reaction-verified HR-HPV (26 patients) or LR-HPV (29 patients) infection. From each patient’s biopsy specimen, we digitized 1 region of interest, guided by the expert physician. After the segmentation of nuclei, we quantified from each nucleus 77 textural and morphologic features. We represented each patient by a 77-feature vector, the feature means of all nuclei, and we created 2 classes for HR-HPV and LR-HPV types. We carried out (a) a statistical analysis to determine features with statistically significant differences between the 2 classes and (b) a discriminant analysis, by designing a DSS, to estimate the HPV risk type. Results: Statistical analysis revealed 40 features with between-classes statistically significant differences and discriminant analysis showed that the best DSS design achieved a high accuracy of about 93% in identifying the HPV risk type on data not used in the design of the DSS. Conclusions: Nuclei of HR-HPV types were of higher intensity, contained larger structures, had higher edges, were coarser, rougher, had higher contrast, were larger, and attained more irregular shapes. The proposed DSS indicates that discrimination of HPV risk type from images of H&E-stained biopsy material of the cervix is promising.

中文翻译：

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通过显微图像分析评估宫颈 H&E 染色活检标本中的 HPV 风险类型

目的：本研究的目的是 (a) 通过计算机处理苏木精和伊红 (H&E) 染色的宫颈活检材料的数字化图像，确定高危 (HR) 和低危 (HR) 之间的细胞核结构差异。 - 风险 (LR) 人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 类型和 (b) 通过设计决策支持系统 (DSS) 评估 HPV 风险类型。材料和方法：临床材料包括来自 55 名经聚合酶链反应验证的 HR-HPV（26 名患者）或 LR-HPV（29 名患者）感染患者的鳞状上皮内病变的 H&E 染色活检。从每位患者的活检标本中，我们在专家医师的指导下将 1 个感兴趣区域数字化。细胞核分割后，我们从每个细胞核中量化了 77 个纹理和形态特征。我们用 77 个特征向量代表每个患者，即所有细胞核的特征均值，我们为 HR-HPV 和 LR-HPV 类型创建了 2 个类别。我们进行了 (a) 统计分析，以确定 2 类之间具有统计学显着差异的特征，以及 (b) 通过设计 DSS 进行判别分析，以估计 HPV 风险类型。结果：统计分析揭示了 40 个类别间具有统计学显着差异的特征，判别分析表明，最佳 DSS 设计在识别 DSS 设计中未使用的数据上的 HPV 风险类型时实现了约 93% 的高精度。结论：HR-HPV 类型的细胞核具有更高的强度，包含更大的结构，具有更高的边缘，更粗糙，更粗糙，具有更高的对比度，更大，并且获得更不规则的形状。