Wash waves produced by ships disintegrate river banks and coastal lines. This phenomenon of bank erosion is mainly due to the height of the waves. Various factors govern the formation of these waves and their amplitudes: the geometry of the water channel, the shape and the speed of the boat, etc.. These factors play an important role on the wave generation, in addition on the resistance of the ship and so on its fuel consumption. Whether to study the impact of wash waves on the ship's environment or its resistance, the analysis of the generated wake is essential. Hence a fine characterization of the wave field is necessary. This study proposes a comparison of wakes generated by two generic ships based on a Wigley hull with block coefficients 0.67 and 0.89 respectively representative of maritime and fluvial ships. The wakes generated in deep water and confined water configurations have been measured for different Froude numbers by a non-intrusive optical stereo-correlation method, giving access to a detailed and complete definition of the generated wave fields. The resistance of the ship hulls has been measured in deep and confined water configurations with a hydrodynamic balance. The results permit one to study the influence of both hull and water channel geometries on the ship wake, on the amplitude of the far-field generated waves and on the near-field hydrodynamic response. Moreover, resistance curves are obtained for both configurations and highlight the effect of both hull and water channel geometries on the resistance coefficient of the ship. A comparison of the resistance curves with or without the ship trim is conducted and shows the influence of the trim on the resistance coefficient in the different ship speed regimes.

中文翻译：

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有限水深和侧向约束对船舶尾流和阻力的影响

船舶产生的冲浪使河岸和沿海线瓦解。这种堤岸侵蚀现象主要是由于波浪的高度。各种因素控制着这些波浪的形成及其幅度：水道的几何形状，船的形状和速度等。这些因素除了对船的阻力外，还对波浪的产生起着重要作用。等等。无论是研究冲洗波对船舶环境的影响还是对船舶阻力的影响，对产生的尾流的分析都是必不可少的。因此，必须对波场进行精确的表征。这项研究提出了基于威格利船体的两种通用船舶产生的尾流的比较，其威力系数分别为0.67和0.89，分别代表海上和潮汐船舶。已通过非介入式光学立体相关方法对深水和密闭水构造中产生的尾波进行了不同弗洛德数的测量，从而可以详细，完整地定义所产生的波场。已经在具有流体力学平衡的深水和密闭水结构中测量了船体的阻力。研究结果使人们可以研究船体和水道的几何形状对船舶尾迹，远场产生的波幅和近场水动力响应的影响。此外，获得了两种配置的阻力曲线，并突出了船体和水道几何形状对船舶阻力系数的影响。