The Mauritius Deuterium Telescope (MDT) is an upcoming low-frequency array being built in Mauritius to observe the Deuterium hyperfine line at 327.4 MHz. This project is an opportunity to develop new techniques in radio astronomy considering the advent of the Square Kilometre Array in a few years time. The design of the MDT array targets a low-cost hybrid system consisting of Software Defined Radios (SDR) as the analogue receiver and digitiser, while a gaming Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is used to implement the digital processing pipeline. We present the design and layout of the instrument. A polyphase filterbank (PFB) is implemented in parallel on the GPU. For an 11-station array, the PFB kernel has a computational throughput of 39.8 GiB/s. Since processing and copying can be overlapped, the latency of the processing kernels can be hidden behind the data copying to GPU memory; effectively establishing an input rate limit around 12 GiB/s due to the PCIe x16. Still, this will allow the hybrid SDR-GPU pipeline to perform real-time data acquisition and processing for the MDT. Finally, we present results from tests with real data from an FM antenna at 327 MHz.

中文翻译：

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用于射电天文学中低频阵列的混合 SDR-GPU 接收器

毛里求斯氘望远镜 (MDT) 是一个即将在毛里求斯建造的低频阵列，用于观察 327.4 MHz 的氘超细线。考虑到平方公​​里阵列在几年内的出现，该项目是开发射电天文学新技术的机会。MDT 阵列的设计目标是低成本混合系统，由软件定义无线电 (SDR) 作为模拟接收器和数字化器，而游戏图形处理单元 (GPU) 用于实现数字处理管道。我们介绍仪器的设计和布局。多相滤波器组 (PFB) 在 GPU 上并行实现。对于 11 站阵列，PFB 内核的计算吞吐量为 39.8 GiB/s。由于处理和复制可以重叠，处理内核的延迟可能隐藏在数据复制到 GPU 内存的背后；由于 PCIe x16，有效地建立了大约 12 GiB/s 的输入速率限制。尽管如此，这仍将允许混合 SDR-GPU 管道为 MDT 执行实时数据采集和处理。最后，我们展示了来自 327 MHz FM 天线的真实数据的测试结果。