Self-secondaries are secondary craters that are formed on both the continuous ejecta deposits and interior of the parent crater. The possible existence of self-secondaries was proposed in the late 1960s, but their identity, formation mechanism, and importance were not revisited until the new generation of high-resolution images for the Moon have recently became available. Possible self-secondary crater populations have now been recognized not only on the Moon, but also on Mercury, Mars, 1Ceres, 4Vesta, and satellites of the ice giants. On the Moon and terrestrial planets, fragments that form self-secondaries are launched with high ejection angles via spallation during the early cratering process, so that self-secondaries can be formed both within the crater and on the continuous ejecta deposits at the end of the cratering process. Self-secondaries potentially possess profound effects on the widely used age-determination technique using crater statistics in planetary geology, because (1) self-secondaries cause nonuniform crater density across the continuous ejecta deposits, which cannot be solely explained by the effect of different target properties on crater size-frequency distributions; (2) crater chronologies for both the Moon and the other terrestrial bodies are largely based on crater counts on the continuous ejecta deposits of several young lunar craters. The effect of self-secondaries on crater chronology can be well addressed after the spatial distribution, size-frequency distribution, and density evolution of self-secondaries are resolved.

中文翻译：

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论自我中学的重要性

自增生是在连续的喷射沉积物和母陨石坑内部形成的次生陨石坑。在1960年代后期提出了可能存在自我中学，但是直到最近新一代的高分辨率月球图像出现之前，他们的身份，形成机制和重要性才被重新审视。现在，不仅在月球上，而且在水星，火星，1Ceres，4Vesta和冰巨星的卫星上都认识到可能存在的二次火山口。在月球和地球行星上，形成早期火山的过程中通过散裂以高射出角度发射形成自次级的碎片，因此，在火山口内部和末尾连续的喷出沉积物上都可以形成自次级。火山口过程。自增生对行星地质学中使用陨石坑统计的广泛使用的年龄确定技术可能具有深远的影响，因为（1）自增生导致连续射出沉积物的陨石坑密度不均匀，这不能仅由不同目标的影响来解释。火山口尺寸-频率分布的性质；（2）月球和其他地面物体的陨石坑年代学主要是基于对几个年轻月球陨石坑连续喷射沉积的陨石坑计数。在解决了自激子的空间分布，大小-频率分布和密度演化之后，就可以很好地解决自激子对火山口年代的影响。