Background and Objective

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial role in hematopoiesis, regulation of differentiation, self-renewal, and the balance between quiescence and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The HSCs are a small population of undifferentiated cells that reside in the bone marrow (BM) and can undergo self-renewal by giving rise to mature cells.

Methods

Relevant literature was identified through a PubMed search (2000–2019) of English-language papers using the following terms: reactive oxygen species, hematopoietic stem cell, leukemic stem cell, leukemia and chemotherapy.

Results

HSCs are very sensitive to high levels of ROS and increased production of ROS have been attributed to HSC aging. HSC aging induced by both cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors is linked to impaired HSC self-renewal and regeneration. In addition, the elevated ROS levels might even trigger differentiation of Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) and ROS may be involved in the initiation and progression of hematological malignancies, such as leukemia.

Conclusion

Targeting genes involved in ROS in LSCs and HSCs are increasingly being used as a critical target for therapeutic interventions. Appropriate concentration of ROS may be an optimal therapeutic target for treatment of leukemia during chemotherapy, but still more studies are required to better understanding of the of ROS role in blood disorders.

中文翻译：

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ROS在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的双重作用：干细胞保护和癌细胞转移。

背景与目的

活性氧（ROS）在造血，调节分化，自我更新以及造血干细胞（HSC）的静止和增殖之间的平衡中起着至关重要的作用。HSC是一小部分未分化的细胞，它们驻留在骨髓（BM）中，并且可以通过产生成熟细胞来进行自我更新。

方法

通过PubMed搜索（2000-2019年）使用以下术语对英语论文进行了识别：活性氧，造血干细胞，白血病干细胞，白血病和化疗。

结果

HSC对高水平的ROS非常敏感，ROS产生的增加归因于HSC的老化。由细胞内在和外在因素诱导的HSC衰老与HSC的自我更新和再生受损有关。另外，升高的ROS水平甚至可能触发白血病干细胞（LSC）的分化，并且ROS可能与血液系统恶性肿瘤例如白血病的发生和发展有关。

结论

LSC和HSC中与ROS有关的靶向基因正越来越多地被用作治疗干预的关键靶标。适当浓度的ROS可能是化疗期间治疗白血病的最佳治疗靶标，但仍需要进行更多的研究以更好地了解ROS在血液疾病中的作用。