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Profit Model of Metro Enterprises and Quasi-Market Based Practice of Shenzhen Metro
Urban Rail Transit Pub Date : 2018-06-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s40864-018-0082-8
Hong Zhang , Rebekah Liao

The need to financially support metro enterprises stems from the amplified global enthusiasm for sustainable modes of transport. This paper analyzes the formulation and practice of the profit model based on quasi-marketing initiated within Shenzhen Metro in China. In contrast to previous studies based on a single theory, this paper employs an integrated approach in optimizing gains. Metro enterprises have peculiar attributes such as supply of quasi-public service products, positive externalities, heavy assets, low profit, economy of scale, and economy of scope. Therefore, in order to effectuate sustainable growth, the author has put forward three methods for the profit model based on the quasi-market principle: firstly, generate internal gains of positive externalities through the enterprise’s market operation on government-allocated resources; secondly, balance cost and income by modifying the accounting policies on fixed assets depreciation and financing interest; and lastly, maximize economy of scope by enhancing synergy between different business segments and sub-businesses of the same segment in the enterprise. In practice, these methods are carried out in Shenzhen Metro with innovative methods that comprise “metro plus property”, “member plus fund” and “entity plus virtual”. This study concludes that the advantages of quasi-marketing include the optimization of resources and the success in overcoming the financial restraints in metro enterprises. Through the high applicability in Shenzhen Metro, it is shown that this quasi-market principle-based profit model could enable metro enterprises to achieve self-development and sustainability.

中文翻译:

地铁企业的盈利模式与深圳地铁的准市场化实践

对地铁企业提供财务支持的需求源于全球对可持续交通方式的热情增强。本文分析了在深圳地铁内部发起的基于准营销的利润模型的形成和实践。与以前基于单一理论的研究相比,本文采用集成方法来优化增益。地铁企业具有特殊属性,如准公共服务产品的供应,积极的外部性,重资产,低利润,规模经济和范围经济。因此,为了实现可持续增长,作者提出了三种基于准市场原则的利润模型方法:第一,通过企业对政府分配资源的市场运作,产生正外部性的内部收益;二是修改固定资产折旧和融资利息会计政策,平衡成本和收入。最后,通过增强企业中不同业务部门和同一业务部门的子业务之间的协同作用,实现范围经济的最大化。实际上,这些方法是在深圳地铁中采用创新方法进行的,包括“地铁加财产”,“会员加基金”和“实体加虚拟”。本研究得出的结论是,准营销的优势包括资源的优化和成功克服地铁企业财务约束的成功。通过深圳地铁的高度适用性表明,这种基于准市场原则的利润模型可以使地铁企业实现自我发展和可持续发展。通过修改固定资产折旧和融资利息的会计政策来平衡成本和收入;最后,通过增强企业中不同业务部门和同一业务部门的子业务之间的协同作用,实现范围经济的最大化。实际上,这些方法是在深圳地铁中采用创新方法进行的,包括“地铁加财产”,“会员加基金”和“实体加虚拟”。本研究得出的结论是,准营销的优势包括资源的优化和成功克服地铁企业财务约束的成功。通过深圳地铁的高度适用性表明,这种基于准市场原则的利润模型可以使地铁企业实现自我发展和可持续发展。通过修改固定资产折旧和融资利息的会计政策来平衡成本和收入;最后,通过增强企业中不同业务部门和同一业务部门的子业务之间的协同作用,最大限度地扩大范围经济。实际上,这些方法是在深圳地铁中采用创新方法进行的,包括“地铁加财产”,“会员加基金”和“实体加虚拟”。本研究得出的结论是,准营销的优势包括资源的优化和成功克服地铁企业财务约束的成功。通过深圳地铁的高度适用性表明,这种基于准市场原则的利润模型可以使地铁企业实现自我发展和可持续发展。
更新日期:2018-06-08
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