The influence of non-plastic fines on undrained monotonic behaviour of sand was investigated over a wide range of fines content (FC = 0–40%), global void ratio and initial mean effective stress (\( p_{0}^{\prime } \) = 100 kPa to 500 kPa), by performing triaxial compression tests with isotropic and anisotropic consolidation. For the sand–silt mixtures, steady-state line in the e − log(p′) space was found to be dependent on fines content with the existence of a limiting fines content, which defines the transition from a “fines in sand” to a “sand in fines” soil fabric. It is demonstrated that by means of the concept of equivalent granular void ratio, e*, all steady-state/critical state data points can be well described by a unique relationship in the e* − log(p′) space called the equivalent steady-state line (EG-SSL), regardless of fines content. The equivalent granular state parameter (ψ*), defined in terms of e*, and the EG-SSL can be effectively adopted for predicting the undrained monotonic behaviour of sand–silt mixtures and the onset of static instability, irrespective of fines content and initial state of the sand–silt mixtures.

中文翻译：

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用等效颗粒状态参数预测非塑性细砂的不排水静态响应

在宽范围的细粉含量（FC = 0–40％），总体空隙率和初始平均有效应力（\（p_ {0} ^ {\ prime } \）  = 100 kPa至500 kPa），通过进行各向同性和各向异性固结的三轴压缩测试。对于砂-粉砂混合物，发现e  -log（p '）空间中的稳态线取决于粉尘含量，并且存在有限的粉尘含量，这定义了从“砂粉尘”到“粉尘”的过渡。一种“沙中”的土壤织物。通过等效颗粒空隙率e *的概念证明，无论罚款内容如何，所有稳态/临界状态数据点都可以通过称为等效稳态线（EG-SSL）的e *  -log（p '）空间中的唯一关系很好地描述。用e *定义的等效颗粒状态参数（ψ*）和EG-SSL可有效地预测砂-粉混合物的不排水单调性和静态不稳定性的发生，而与细粉含量和初始含量无关沙粉混合物的状态。