The resonant frequency of electromechanical energy harvester should be tuned to ambient frequency so as to maximize the harvester power. In this paper, it is proposed to tune the natural frequency of the energy harvester by varying the martensite volume fraction (0–1) of shape memory alloy (SMA). It is found that the shifting of natural frequency is around 8–10% for first three modes of vibration. This paper presents the exact analytical solution for composite cantilevered energy harvester composed of piezoelectric energy harvester layer, substructure layer and SMA layer using the assumption of Euler–Bernoulli beam. The beam base displacement in transverse direction with small angular rotation is due to base excitation. The electromechanical coupled equations of response are derived and then reduced to harmonic behavior. The expressions for frequency response of voltage output, current output and power output are obtained. Finally, a parametric case study of composite cantilevered energy harvester with shape memory alloy and important behavior of the electromechanical coupled system for short circuit and open circuit behaviors are studied in detail.

机电能量采集器的共振频率应调至环境频率，以使采集器的功率最大化。在本文中，建议通过改变形状记忆合金（SMA）的马氏体体积分数（0-1）来调整能量收集器的固有频率。发现对于前三种振动模式，固有频率的偏移约为8–10％。本文基于欧拉-伯努利梁的假设，给出了由压电式能量收集器层，下部结构层和SMA层组成的复合悬臂式能量收集器的精确解析解决方案。在较小角度旋转的情况下，横梁在横向方向上的位移是由于底座激励引起的。推导出机电耦合响应方程，然后将其简化为谐波行为。得到了电压输出，电流输出和功率输出的频率响应表达式。最后，详细研究了形状记忆合金复合悬臂式能量采集器的参数案例研究，以及机电耦合系统的短路和开路行为的重要行为。