To analyze the impact of participation in sports with different cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) demands on changes in metabolic and cardiovascular markers in adolescents. Longitudinal study with 12 months of follow‐up (Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth [ABCD Growth Study]). Overall, 184 adolescents (age 15.6 ± 2.1) were classified according to sports participation: non‐sport (control), low CRF sports, and high CRF sports. Metabolic outcomes were total cholesterol (TC) and its fractions, triacylglycerol (TG), glucose, insulin levels, and the insulin resistance index. Cardiovascular outcomes were arterial thickness (carotid and femoral [ultrasound]), blood pressure, and resting heart rate. Adolescents engaged in sports classified as high CRF demand presented a significant increase in HDL‐c (1.2 mg/dL [95%CI: −0.5 to 3.0]) when compared to the non‐sport group (−2.4 mg/dL [95%CI: −4.4 to −0.5]). Regular engagement in high CRF sports was significantly related to changes in TC (β = −0.027 [95%CI: −0.048 to −0.005]), HDL‐c (β = 0.009 [95%CI: 0.001 to 0.019]), LDL‐c (β = −0.032 [95%CI: −0.049 to −0.016]), and glucose (β = −0.017 [95%CI: −0.025 to −0.008]), while engagement in low CRF sports was related to changes in TG (β = −0.065 [95%CI: −0.112 to −0.019]). No significant relationships for cardiovascular parameters were observed in the low CRF group, but one significant relationship was found between high CRF sports and changes in SBP (β = −0.063 [95%CI: −0.117 to −0.009]). In conclusion, engagement in sports seems to be beneficial for improvements in metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in adolescents, mainly sports with higher CRF demand.

中文翻译：

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运动参与可以改善青少年的代谢状况：ABCD生长研究

为了分析参加具有不同心肺适应性（CRF）要求的运动对青少年代谢和心血管标志物变化的影响。纵向研究，为期12个月的随访（儿童成长过程中的行为分析[ABCD成长研究]）。总体而言，根据运动参与程度对184名青少年（年龄为15.6±2.1）进行了分类：非运动（对照），低CRF运动和高CRF运动。代谢结果是总胆固醇（TC）及其分数，三酰甘油（TG），葡萄糖，胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗指数。心血管预后为动脉厚度（颈动脉和股动脉[超声]），血压和静息心率。从事高CRF需求运动的青少年HDL-c显着增加（1.2 mg / dL [95％CI：-0.5至3。与非运动组相比（-2.4 mg / dL [95％CI：-4.4至-0.5]）。经常参加高CRF运动与TC（β= -0.027 [95％CI：-0.048至-0.005]），HDL-c（β= 0.009 [95％CI：0.001至0.019]），LDL的变化显着相关-c（β= -0.032 [95％CI：-0.049至-0.016]）和葡萄糖（β= -0.017 [95％CI：-0.025至-0.008]），而参与低CRF运动与变化有关在TG中（β＝ -0.065 [95％CI：-0.112至-0.019]）。在低CRF组中未观察到心血管参数的显着相关性，但在高CRF运动和SBP变化之间发现了一种显着相关性（β= -0.063 [95％CI：-0.117至-0.009]）。总之，参加运动似乎对改善青少年的代谢和心血管参数有益，主要是对CRF需求较高的运动。