Multi-doped photocatalysts are among the new class of materials employed for photocatalysis and as an antimicrobial agent. Lower band gap energy due to the metal dopant and lower electron–hole recombination because of non-metal dopant increase the overall efficiency of photocatalyst. Furthermore, these dopants directly influence optical shift, crystallinity and surface area. A Ni, C, N, S multi-doped ZnO photocatalyst was synthesized by simple hydrothermal co-precipitation method by using thiourea as a non-metal precursor and was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDAX, FTIR techniques. Ni, C, N, S dopants were detected in EDAX, FTIR and XRD. The average particle size was found 12.82 nm from particle size distribution studies, TEM and XRD analysis. The synthesized catalyst showed highest photocatalytic efficiency of Indigo Carmine dye at higher pH and minimum catalyst dose in 120 min of solar light exposure by obeying pseudo first order kinetics. Furthermore, the catalyst was reused for multiple degradation cycles and reusable up to four cycles. Ni, C, N, S multi-doped ZnO photocatalyst was also employed as an antimicrobial agent and showed higher antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus pathogenic bacteria at different concentrations.

中文翻译：

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多掺杂ZnO光催化剂用于太阳诱导的靛蓝胭脂红染料的降解并用作抗菌剂

多掺杂光催化剂是用于光催化和用作抗菌剂的新型材料之一。金属掺杂剂可降低带隙能，非金属掺杂剂可降低电子-空穴复合，从而提高了光催化剂的整体效率。此外，这些掺杂剂直接影响光学位移，结晶度和表面积。以硫脲为非金属前驱体，通过简单的水热共沉淀法合成了Ni，C，N，S多掺杂ZnO光催化剂，并通过XRD，SEM，TEM，EDAX，FTIR等方法对其进行了表征。在EDAX，FTIR和XRD中检测到Ni，C，N，S掺杂剂。通过粒度分布研究，TEM和XRD分析发现平均粒度为12.82nm。合成的催化剂通过遵循拟一级动力学，在较高的pH值下靛蓝胭脂红染料具有最高的光催化效率，并且在120分钟的太阳光照射下具有最小的催化剂剂量。此外，该催化剂可重复使用多个降解循环，最多可重复使用四个循环。Ni，C，N，S多掺杂ZnO光催化剂也被用作抗菌剂，并且显示出更高的抗微生物活性。大肠埃希菌和腐生葡萄球菌致病菌的浓度不同。