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Variation of vegetative and floral traits in the alpine plant Solidago minuta : evidence for local optimum along an elevational gradient
Alpine Botany ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s00035-017-0197-7
Piotr Kiełtyk

Alpine plants growing along wide elevational gradients experience very different abiotic and biotic conditions across elevations. As a result of genetic differentiation and/or plastic response, conspecific plants growing in high elevations, as compared to low elevations, generally have shorter stems and lower number of flowers, but larger flower size. However, most often, detailed models of elevational variations were not examined. To reveal the pattern of elevational changes in a set of fitness-related morphological traits, tests of linear and unimodal models were performed based on measurements of 1047 Solidago minuta plants collected from 47 sites distributed along a 1000 m elevational gradient in the Tatra Mountains. Nearly all of the investigated floral traits, i.e. inflorescence and flower heads size, and number and size of individual flowers, expressed unimodal relationships with elevation having their maxima in the centre of the elevation range. This pattern suggests the existence of a local optimum with respect to sexual reproduction at the centre of the elevational range. Possible explanations of observed elevational variations are discussed in the context of pollinator selection and the ‘resource-cost compromise’ hypothesis. Best floral performance in the centre of the elevational range of S. minuta may also support the idea that the favourability of habitat conditions declines from the centre to the margin of the distribution, and species are expected to be more abundant, increase reproduction and perform better in the centre of the range.

中文翻译:

高山植物Solidago minuta营养和花卉性状的变化:沿海拔梯度局部最优的证据

沿高海拔梯度生长的高山植物在海拔范围内遇到非常不同的非生物和生物条件。由于遗传分化和/或塑性响应,与低海拔相比,高海拔生长的同种植物通常具有较短的茎和较低的花数,但是具有较大的花大小。但是,大多数情况下,没有检查详细的海拔变化模型。为了揭示一组与健身相关的形态特征中海拔变化的模式,基于1047 S olidago minuta的测量值进行了线性和单峰模型的测试从塔特拉山的1000 m海拔梯度分布的47个站点收集的植物。几乎所有调查的花卉性状,即花序和头状花序,以及单个花的数量和大小,都与海拔高度呈单峰关系,其最大值位于海拔范围的中心。这种模式表明,在海拔范围的中心,有性生殖方面存在局部最优。在授粉媒介选择和“资源-成本折衷”假设的背景下讨论了观测到的海拔变化的可能解释。在S. minuta海拔范围的中心具有最佳花卉表现 可能还支持以下观点:栖息地条件的有利性从分布的中心到分布的边缘下降,并且物种预计会更丰富,繁殖力增强并且在范围的中心表现更好。
更新日期:2017-11-30
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