当前位置: X-MOL 学术Neurochem. J. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Exosomal Transport and Progression of Neurodegeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Neurochemical Journal ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-17 , DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419030085
M. V. Ivanova , E. O. Chekanova , B. V. Belugin , I. L. Tutykhina , I. V. Dolzhikova , I. V. Zakroishchikova , A. V. Vasil’ev , M. N. Zakharova

Abstract

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the study of the communication between cells in the nervous system with extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, under physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles ranging in size from 50 to 200 nm, which are secreted by most cell types and provide communication between cells by transporting proteins, lipids, and RNA to target cells. In addition, they perform antigen-presenting and signaling functions and can act as anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory agents. Data has been accumulated on the role of exosomes in the development of the pathological process in nervous system diseases, primarily brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive fatal disease in which the selective death of motor neurons occurs. ALS inevitably leads to disruption of the functioning of muscles that perform vital functions and death of the patient in several years. The mechanisms that underlie the death of motor neurons and the spread of the pathological process are not clear. It is impossible to predict the rate of disease progression and the probable life expectancy of the patient. The most important mechanisms of AS development include the accumulation of aggregates of pathological proteins in neuronal bodies and impaired RNA metabolism. The possibility of transfer of pathological proteins and other molecules associated with the development of ALS through exosomes has been proven. This review provides an overview of studies on exosomes in different CNS diseases. The mechanisms of progression and spreading of the neurodegenerative process in ALS are discussed, focusing on the roles that exosomes and potential biomarkers of the disease in the exosomal fraction play.


中文翻译:

肌萎缩性侧索硬化的外泌体转运和神经退行性病变的进展

摘要

近年来,在生理和病理条件下,神经系统中的细胞与细胞外囊泡(包括囊泡)之间的通讯研究得到了越来越多的关注。外泌体是大小在50到200 nm之间的小细胞外囊泡,大多数细胞都会分泌这种囊泡,并通过将蛋白质,脂质和RNA转运到靶细胞来提供细胞间的通讯。另外,它们执行抗原呈递和信号传导功能,并且可以充当抗炎剂或促炎剂。已经积累了关于外来体在神经系统疾病(主要是脑肿瘤和神经退行性疾病)的病理过程发展中的作用的数据。肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)是一种进行性致命疾病,其中发生运动神经元的选择性死亡。ALS不可避免地会导致执行重要功能的肌肉功能中断,并在几年内导致患者死亡。运动神经元死亡和病理过程扩散的基础机制尚不清楚。无法预测疾病的进展速度和患者的预期寿命。AS发展的最重要机制包括病理蛋白聚集在神经元体内和RNA代谢受损。已经证实了通过外泌体转移与ALS发生有关的病理蛋白和其他分子的可能性。这篇综述概述了不同中枢神经系统疾病中外泌体的研究。讨论了ALS中神经退行性过程的进展和扩散机制,重点关注了外泌体和疾病的潜在生物标志物在外泌体组分中的作用。
更新日期:2019-09-17
down
wechat
bug