A summary and analysis are offered for the data available in the literature as well as the results of our own research on photocatalytic reduction processes on various semiconductor catalysts. A number of approaches are examined for the improvement of semiconductor catalysts, in particular, through alteration of morphology, increasing the amount of surface defects, doping by metal and nonmetallic ions, sensitization with dyes or narrow-gap semiconductors modified with metallic or bimetallic nanoparticles, formation of nanoheterostructures with allotropic carbon modifications, and use of the plasmon photocatalysis effect. Mechanisms for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 are discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于产生有机化合物的 CO2 光转化半导体纳米催化剂：设计和物理化学特性：综述

对文献中可用的数据以及我们自己对各种半导体催化剂的光催化还原过程的研究结果进行了总结和分析。研究了许多改进半导体催化剂的方法，特别是通过改变形态、增加表面缺陷量、金属和非金属离子掺杂、染料敏化或用金属或双金属纳米粒子改性的窄间隙半导体，形成具有同素异形碳修饰的纳米异质结构，并利用等离子体光催化效应。讨论了光催化还原 CO2 的机制。