Diabetes is a common chronic disease with various complications. The present study was conducted to determine the association of plant-based diet index (PDI) and dietary acid load (DAL) with sleep status as well as mental health in type 2 diabetic women. In this cross-sectional study, a validated FFQ was used to assess dietary intakes of 230 diabetic patients. We created a whole PDI, healthful PDI (hPDI) and unhealthful PDI (uPDI). DAL was calculated based on potential renal acid load and net endogenous acid production method. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and twenty-one-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to assess sleep and mental health disorders, respectively. Participants in the top group of uPDI had greater risk of poor sleep (OR 6·47, 95 % CI 2·75, 15·24). However, patients who were in the top group of hPDI had a lower risk of sleep problems (OR 0·28, 95 % CI 0·13, 0·62). Participants in the top group of uPDI had greater risk of depression, anxiety and stress (OR 9·35, 95 % CI 3·96, 22·07; OR 4·74, 95 % CI 2·28, 9·85; OR 4·24, 95 % CI 2·14, 8·38, respectively). In conclusion, participants with higher DAL scores and patients who adhered to animal-based diets rather than plant-based diets were more likely to be poor sleepers and have mental health disorders.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病女性膳食酸负荷和植物性饮食指数与睡眠、压力、焦虑和抑郁的关系

糖尿病是一种常见的慢性疾病，具有多种并发症。本研究旨在确定 2 型糖尿病女性的植物性饮食指数 (PDI) 和膳食酸负荷 (DAL) 与睡眠状态和心理健康的关系。在这项横断面研究中，使用经过验证的 FFQ 来评估 230 名糖尿病患者的饮食摄入量。我们创建了一个完整的 PDI、健康的 PDI (hPDI) 和不健康的 PDI (uPDI)。DAL 是根据潜在的肾酸负荷和净内源性酸产生法计算的。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和二十一项抑郁、焦虑和压力量表分别用于评估睡眠和心理健康障碍。uPDI 最高组的参与者睡眠不良的风险更大（OR 6·47, 95 % CI 2·75, 15·24）。然而，hPDI 最高组的患者出现睡眠问题的风险较低（OR 0·28, 95 % CI 0·13, 0·62）。uPDI 最高组的参与者患抑郁、焦虑和压力的风险更高（OR 9·35, 95 % CI 3·96, 22·07；OR 4·74, 95 % CI 2·28, 9·85；或4·24, 95 % CI 2·14, 8·38)。总之，具有较高 DAL 分数的参与者和坚持以动物为基础的饮食而不是以植物为基础的饮食的患者更有可能是睡眠不佳和患有精神健康障碍。