Service interface is a critical component in a service-oriented architecture (SOA). As first-class design artifact, a service interface should be properly designed to provide best practice of third-party reuse. However, a very common bad service design practice in existing SOAs is to place semantically unrelated operations implementing several abstractions in a single interface. Poorly designed service interfaces can have a negative effect on all client applications that use these services. Indeed, services with such poor interface structure tend to be difficult to comprehend, maintain and reuse in business processes, leading to unsuccessful services. Necessarily, then, service designers should “refactor”, i.e., restructure, their service interface into smaller, more cohesive interfaces, each representing a specific abstraction. To address this problem, we introduce a novel approach, namely WSIRem, to support service’s developers in improving the modularization of their service interfaces. WSIRem is based on a multi-objective search-based optimization approach to find the appropriate modularization of a service interface into smaller, more cohesive and loosely coupled interfaces, each implementing a distinct abstraction. WSIRem has been empirically evaluated on a benchmark of 22 real-world Web services provided by Amazon and Yahoo. Results show that the automatically identified interfaces improved the services interface structure. Qualitative evaluation of WSIRem with developers showed the performance of WSIRem in terms of understandability, where the new WSIRem interfaces were recognized as ‘relevant’ from developers point of view with more than 73% of precision and 77% of recall. Overall, the obtained results show that WSIRem outperforms state-of-the-art approaches relying on traditional partitioning techniques.

中文翻译：

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使用多目标优化改进 Web 服务接口模块化

服务接口是面向服务架构 (SOA) 中的关键组件。作为一流的设计神器，服务接口应该被正确设计以提供第三方重用的最佳实践。然而，现有 SOA 中一个非常常见的不良服务设计实践是将语义无关的操作在单个接口中实现多个抽象。设计不佳的服务接口会对使用这些服务的所有客户端应用程序产生负面影响。事实上，接口结构如此糟糕的服务往往难以在业务流程中理解、维护和重用，从而导致服务不成功。因此，服务设计者必须“重构”，即，将他们的服务接口重构为更小、更内聚的接口，每个接口代表一个特定的抽象。为了解决这个问题，我们引入了一种新颖的方法，即 WSIRem，以支持服务开发人员改进其服务接口的模块化。WSIRem 基于基于多目标搜索的优化方法，以找到将服务接口适当模块化为更小、更内聚和松散耦合的接口，每个接口实现不同的抽象。WSIRem 已经在亚马逊和雅虎提供的 22 个真实世界 Web 服务的基准上进行了经验评估。结果表明，自动识别的接口改进了服务接口结构。与开发人员对 WSIRem 的定性评估显示了 WSIRem 在可理解性方面的性能，从开发人员的角度来看，新的 WSIRem 接口被认为是“相关的”，具有超过 73% 的准确率和 77% 的召回率。总体而言，获得的结果表明 WSIRem 优于依赖传统分区技术的最新方法。