Quantum metamaterials generalize the concept of metamaterials (artificial optical media) to the case when their optical properties are determined by the interplay of quantum effects in the constituent ‘artificial atoms’ with the electromagnetic field modes in the system. The theoretical investigation of these structures demonstrated that a number of new effects (such as quantum birefringence, strongly nonclassical states of light, etc.) are to be expected, prompting the efforts on their fabrication and experimental investigation. Here we provide a summary of the principal features of quantum metamaterials and review the current state of research in this quickly developing field, which bridges quantum optics, quantum condensed matter theory and quantum information processing.

中文翻译：

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微波和光学范围内的量子超材料

量子超材料将超材料（人工光学介质）的概念推广到这种情况，即当其光学特性由组成“人工原子”中的量子效应与系统中的电磁场模式相互作用时决定。对这些结构的理论研究表明，有望产生许多新的效应（例如量子双折射，强烈的非经典光态等），从而推动了它们的制造和实验研究。在这里，我们提供了有关量子超材料的主要特征的概述，并回顾了这个快速发展的领域的研究现状，该领域将量子光学，量子凝聚态理论和量子信息处理联系起来。