The Lower Devonian Rhynie chert contains abundant fossil evidence of cyanobacteria. However, only a few of these fossils have been described. A newly discovered type of cyanobacterial filament is 22 to > 30 µm wide, and thus substantially larger than all filamentous cyanobacteria previously known from the Rhynie chert. Trichomes are uniseriate, composed of short, discoid cells not constricted at the cross walls, and enveloped in a distinct sheath. Because the filaments correspond in morphology to Palaeolyngbya barghoorniana, a fossil cyanobacterium described from the Precambrian, they are assigned to the fossil genus Palaeolyngbya and formally proposed as a new species, P. kerpii. Palaeolyngbya is attributed to the Oscillatoriaceae (Oscillatoriales) and compared to the modern genus Lyngbya sensu lato. All specimens of P. kerpii occur in a small area of clear chert intercalated between substrate layers, and thus support the hypothesis that substrate served as a conservation trap for delicate microbial life in the Rhynie setting.

中文翻译：

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古龙虾科 十一月，一种大型丝状蓝细菌，与下泥盆纪Rhynie chert的Oscillatoriaceae有亲和力

下泥盆纪Rhynie cher石含有丰富的蓝细菌化石证据。然而，这些化石中只有少数被描述过。一种新发现的蓝细菌细丝宽度为22至> 30 µm，因此比以前从Rhynie chert已知的所有丝状蓝细菌都要大。滴虫是单生的，由短的盘状细胞组成，在横壁处不收缩，并包裹在不同的鞘中。由于这些细丝的形态与前寒武纪描述的化石蓝藻古细菌Barghoorniana相对应，因此它们被指定为化石属化石属，并被正式提议为新种kerpii。古林比亚归因于Oscillatoriaceae（Oscillatoriales），并与现代的Lyngbya sensu lato属进行了比较。所有柯氏疟原虫标本都出现在插入基质层之间的一小片透明of石中，因此支持了这样的假说，即在Rhynie环境中，基质可作为微生物生存的保护陷阱。