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Reproductive output of mosses under experimental warming on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2016-09-13 , DOI: 10.1186/s40693-016-0061-y
A. Casanova-Katny , G. A. Torres-Mellado , S. M. Eppley

BackgroundMosses dominate much of the vegetation in the Antarctic, but the effect of climatic change on moss growth and sexual reproduction has scarcely been studied. In Antarctica, mosses infrequently produce sporophytes; whether this is due to physiological limitation or an adaptive response is unknown. We studied the effect of experimental warming (with Open Top Chambers, OTCs) on sporophyte production on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island for four moss species (Bartramia patens, Hennediella antarctica, Polytrichastrum alpinum, and Sanionia georgicouncinata). To determine whether reducing cold stress increases sexual reproduction as would be predicted if sex is being constrained due to physiological limitations, we counted sporophytes for these four moss species in OTC and control plots during two years. Also, we measured sporophyte size for a smaller sample of sporophytes of two species, B. patens and H. antarctica, in the OTC and control plots.ResultsAfter 2 years of the experimental treatment, maximum daily air temperature, but not daily mean air temperature, was significantly higher inside OTCs than outside. We found a significant species by treatment effect for sporophyte production, with more sporophytes produced in OTCs compared with controls for B. patens and P. alpinum. Also, sporophytes of B. patens and H. antarctica were significantly larger in the OTCs compared with the control plots.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the lack of sexual reproduction in these Antarctic mosses is not adaptive but is constrained by current environmental conditions and that ameliorating conditions, such as increased temperature may affect sexual reproduction in many Antarctic mosses, altering moss population genetics and dispersal patterns.

中文翻译:

南极洲海上乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛在实验性变暖下苔藓的繁殖产量

背景苔藓在南极的大部分植被中占主导地位,但几乎没有研究气候变化对苔藓生长和有性繁殖的影响。在南极洲,苔藓很少产生孢子体;这是由于生理限制还是适应性反应尚不清楚。我们研究了实验性变暖(使用开顶室,OTC)对乔治王岛 Fildes 半岛四种苔藓物种(Bartramia patens、Hennediella antarctica、Polytrichastrum alpinum 和 Sanionia georgicouncinata)孢子体产生的影响。为了确定减少冷应激是否会增加有性繁殖,如果由于生理限制而限制性别,我们在两年内对 OTC 和对照地块中这四种苔藓物种的孢子体进行了计数。还,我们在 OTC 和对照地块中测量了 B. patens 和 H. antarctica 两种孢子体的较小样本的孢子体大小。结果经过 2 年的实验处理,每日最高气温,但不是每日平均气温,为场外交易市场内部明显高于外部。我们通过处理孢子体产生的效果发现了一个显着的物种,与 B. patens 和 P. alpinum 的对照相比,OTCs 中产生的孢子体更多。此外,与对照样地相比,OTCs 中 B. patens 和 H. antarctica 的孢子体明显更大。结论我们的结果表明,这些南极苔藓缺乏有性繁殖不是适应性的,而是受当前环境条件和改善条件的限制,
更新日期:2016-09-13
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