Methane (CH 4 ) is the simplest hydrocarbon in the atmosphere and is the second most important greenhouse gas (GHG) after carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) whose concentration is changing due to human activities. The main objective of this study is to examine the spatial distribution of CH 4 concentration for Iran in 2013 based on the level 2 GOSAT data using the ordinary kriging technique. For this purpose, first, the relationship between CH 4 concentration and environmental variables such as land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), air temperature, and humidity was determined. The results showed that CH 4 concentration changes gradually with latitude and longitude across Iran. The spatial distribution of CH 4 concentration presents the high concentration of this gas in the southern hemisphere and in the east of the study area throughout the year. The correlation of CH 4 concentration with LST and temperature was positive, and its correlation with NDVI and humidity was negative in different seasons of 2013. This implies that with the decline of temperature and LST and rise of humidity and NDVI, CH 4 concentration has decreased in the study area. It is possible to transfer the CH 4 gas from the south to the southeast of Iran according to the location of flaring gas, and wind speed and direction in different seasons. These findings can help decision makers for better management of the sinks and sources of GHGs.

中文翻译：

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利用伊朗 GOSAT 数据的大气甲烷时空分布格局

甲烷 (CH 4 ) 是大气中最简单的碳氢化合物，是仅次于二氧化碳 (CO 2 ) 的第二大温室气体 (GHG)，其浓度因人类活动而发生变化。本研究的主要目的是基于 GOSAT 2 级数据，使用普通克里金技术研究伊朗 2013 年 CH 4 浓度的空间分布。为此，首先确定了 CH 4 浓度与地表温度 (LST)、归一化差异植被指数 (NDVI)、气温和湿度等环境变量之间的关系。结果表明，伊朗境内CH 4 浓度随经纬度逐渐变化。CH 4 浓度的空间分布呈现出该气体在南半球和研究区东部全年的高浓度。2013年不同季节CH 4 浓度与LST、温度呈正相关，与NDVI、湿度呈负相关。这说明随着温度和LST的下降，湿度和NDVI的升高，CH 4 浓度呈下降趋势在研究区。根据燃烧气体的位置和不同季节的风速和风向，可以将CH 4 气体从伊朗南部转移到东南部。这些发现可以帮助决策者更好地管理温室气体的汇和源。2013年不同季节其与NDVI和湿度的相关性均呈负相关。这意味着随着温度和LST的下降以及湿度和NDVI的升高，研究区CH 4 浓度呈下降趋势。根据燃烧气体的位置和不同季节的风速和风向，可以将CH 4 气体从伊朗南部转移到东南部。这些发现可以帮助决策者更好地管理温室气体的汇和源。2013年不同季节与NDVI和湿度的相关性均呈负相关。这意味着随着温度和LST的下降以及湿度和NDVI的升高，研究区CH 4 浓度有所下降。根据燃烧气体的位置和不同季节的风速和风向，可以将CH 4 气体从伊朗南部转移到东南部。这些发现可以帮助决策者更好地管理温室气体的汇和源。以及不同季节的风速和风向。这些发现可以帮助决策者更好地管理温室气体的汇和源。以及不同季节的风速和风向。这些发现可以帮助决策者更好地管理温室气体的汇和源。