Abstract RAMP II is an observation-based tool developed for assessing a wide range of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors related to industrial manual handling. RAMP II, which is part of the RAMP tool, is based on research studies and expert judgments. The assessment relies mainly on direct or video observations of the work being assessed, but additionally on measured push/pull forces and weights of handled objects, and on perceived workload and discomfort. Over 80 practitioners participated in the development of the tool. According to the evaluations, 73% of the assessment items evaluated had acceptable reliability, and the majority of the potential end-users reported that RAMP II is usable for assessing risks and as a decision base. It is concluded that this study provides support that RAMP II is usable for risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in industrial manual handling. Practitioner summary: RAMP II is an observation-based assessment tool for screening and assessing major musculoskeletal exposures in industrial manual handling jobs. Over 80 practitioners participated in the development of the tool. This study provides support that RAMP II is usable for risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in industrial manual handling. Abbreviations: CTS: carpal tunnel syndrome; HARM: the Hand Arm Risk Assessment method; IMP: intramuscular pressure; κw: linearly weighted kappa; LBD: lower back disorders; LBP: lower back pain; MAWL: maximum acceptable weight of lift; MHO: manual handling operations; MSD: musculoskeletal disorder; MNSD: neck-shoulder disorder; NSP: neck-shoulder pain; OCRA: the Occupational Repetitive Action methods; OHS: occupational health and safety; PABAK: prevalence and bias adjusted kappa; p0: proportion of agreement; RAMP: Risk Assessment and Management tool for manual handling Proactively; ROM: range of motion; RPL: risk and priority level; RSI: the Revised Strain Index; RULA: the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment; SWEA: Swedish Work Environment Authority; UEMSDs: upper-extremity work-related musculoskeletal disorders; WMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; WRMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; workday8h: eight hours workday

中文翻译：

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RAMP II 的开发和评估 - 一种评估工业手工处理中肌肉骨骼疾病风险因素的从业者工具

摘要 RAMP II 是一种基于观察的工具，用于评估与工业手工处理相关的各种肌肉骨骼疾病风险因素。RAMP II 是 RAMP 工具的一部分，它基于研究和专家判断。评估主要依赖于对被评估工作的直接或视频观察，但另外还依赖于测量的推/拉力和处理物体的重量，以及感知的工作量和不适。超过 80 名从业者参与了该工具的开发。根据评估，73% 的评估项目具有可接受的可靠性，大多数潜在最终用户报告 RAMP II 可用于评估风险和作为决策基础。得出的结论是，该研究为 RAMP II 可用于工业手工处理中肌肉骨骼疾病风险因素的风险评估提供支持。从业者总结：RAMP II 是一种基于观察的评估工具，用于筛选和评估工业手工搬运工作中的主要肌肉骨骼暴露。超过 80 名从业者参与了该工具的开发。本研究支持 RAMP II 可用于工业手工处理中肌肉骨骼疾病风险因素的风险评估。缩写：CTS：腕管综合征；HARM：手臂风险评估方法；IMP：肌内压；κw：线性加权 kappa；LBD：腰部疾病；LBP：腰痛；MAWL：最大可接受的举升重量；MHO：人工搬运操作；MSD：肌肉骨骼疾病；明尼苏达州：颈肩疾病; NSP：颈肩痛；OCRA：职业重复动作法；OHS：职业健康与安全；PABAK：流行率和偏差调整后的 kappa；p0：同意比例；RAMP：风险评估和管理工具，用于主动手动处理；ROM：运动范围；RPL：风险和优先级；RSI：修正应变指数；RULA：快速上肢评估；SWEA：瑞典工作环境管理局；UEMSDs：上肢工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WMSD：与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WRMSD：与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；workday8h：八小时工作日 用于手动处理的风险评估和管理工具；ROM：运动范围；RPL：风险和优先级；RSI：修正应变指数；RULA：快速上肢评估；SWEA：瑞典工作环境管理局；UEMSDs：上肢工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WMSD：与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WRMSD：与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；workday8h：八小时工作日 用于手动处理的风险评估和管理工具；ROM：运动范围；RPL：风险和优先级；RSI：修正应变指数；RULA：快速上肢评估；SWEA：瑞典工作环境管理局；UEMSDs：上肢工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WMSD：与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；WRMSD：与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病；workday8h：八小时工作日