This paper presents a review of the current state-of-the-art neutron spectroscopy in fusion research. The focus is on the fundamental nuclear physics and measurement principles. A brief introduction to relevant nuclear physics concepts is given and also a summary of the basic properties of neutron emission from a fusion plasma. Compact monitors/spectrometers like diamond, CLYC and the liquid scintillator are discussed. A longer section describes in some detail the more advanced, designed systems like those based on the thin-foil proton recoil and time-of-flight techniques. Examples of spectroscopy systems installed at JET and planned for ITER are given.

中文翻译：

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聚变研究中的先进中子能谱

本文综述了聚变研究中当前最先进的中子能谱。重点是基本的核物理和测量原理。简要介绍了相关的核物理概念，并总结了聚变等离子体中子发射的基本特性。讨论了紧凑型监视器/光谱仪，如金刚石、CLYC 和液体闪烁体。较长的部分详细描述了更先进的设计系统，例如基于薄箔质子反冲和飞行时间技术的系统。给出了安装在 JET 并计划用于 ITER 的光谱系统示例。