Short-term biological responses to sea surface wind field over mesoscale eddies were investigated using hourly ocean color chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration data from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), scatterometer wind data, and satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data. Four warm eddies were identified from SST fronts, by subjectively fitting ellipses to selected points, and anticyclonically rotating current vectors were estimated from sequential chl-a images. Scatterometer data confirmed wind speed strengthening by approximately 30% over anticyclonic eddies, regardless of wind direction, caused by stability changes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The modified wind speed field produced a characteristic pattern of wind stress curl and Ekman pumping (EKP) over the eddies, showing positive and negative values on the left and right sides of the upwind direction, respectively. The EKP field was divided into three components: eddy current-induced, relative vorticity gradient-induced, and crosswind SST-induced terms. Short-term changes in the chl-a concentration showed a positive relation with EKP variations over most eddies. SST-induced EKP played a significant role in the eddies for 76% of the total variations, which is much higher than that in other oceans. This study emphasizes the significant effect of SST distribution and the biological responses to changes in an EKP field in relation to air–sea interactions and feedback processes in the East Sea (Sea of Japan).

中文翻译：

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叶绿素a浓度对中尺度涡流海面风场变化的短期响应

利用地球静止海洋彩色成像仪（GOCI）的每小时海洋颜色叶绿素a（chl- a）浓度数据，散射仪风况数据和卫星海面温度（SST），研究了中尺度涡旋对海面风场的短期生物学响应。）数据。通过将椭圆椭圆主观拟合到选定的点，从SST前沿识别出四个温暖的涡流，并从连续的chl- a估计反旋转的电流矢量图片。散射仪数据证实，无论风向如何，由于海洋大气边界层的稳定性变化，风速比反气旋涡流增强了约30％。修改后的风速场在涡流上产生了风应力卷曲和埃克曼抽气（EKP）的特征模式，分别在逆风方向的左侧和右侧显示了正值和负值。EKP场分为三个部分：涡流感应，相对涡度梯度感应和侧风SST感应。在chl-短期变化一浓度与大多数涡流的EKP变化呈正相关。SST诱发的EKP在涡旋中起着重要作用，占总变化的76％，远高于其他海洋。这项研究强调了东海（日本海）的海表分布和对EKP场变化的生物学响应的重大影响，这与东海（日本海）的海-海相互作用和反馈过程有关。