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rt-muse: measuring real-time characteristics of execution platforms
Real-Time Systems ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-06-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s11241-017-9284-5
Martina Maggio , Juri Lelli , Enrico Bini

Operating systems code is often developed according to principles like simplicity, low overhead, and low memory footprint. Schedulers are no exceptions. A scheduler is usually developed with flexibility in mind, and this restricts the ability to provide real-time guarantees. Moreover, even when schedulers can provide real-time guarantees, it is unlikely that these guarantees are properly quantified using theoretical analysis that carries on to the implementation. To be able to analyze the guarantees offered by operating systems’ schedulers, we developed a publicly available tool that analyzes timing properties extracted from the execution of a set of threads and computes the lower and upper bounds to the supply function offered by the execution platform, together with information about migrations and statistics on execution times. rt-muse evaluates the impact of many application and platform characteristics including the scheduling algorithm, the amount of available resources, the usage of shared resources, and the memory access overhead. Using rt-muse, we show the impact of Linux scheduling classes, shared data and application parallelism, on the delivered computing capacity. The tool provides useful insights on the runtime behavior of the applications and scheduler. In the reported experiments, rt-muse detected some issues arising with the real-time Linux scheduler: despite having available cores, Linux does not migrate SCHED_RR threads which are enqueued behind SCHED_FIFO threads with the same priority.

中文翻译:

rt-muse:测量执行平台的实时特性

操作系统代码通常是根据简单、低开销和低内存占用等原则开发的。调度程序也不例外。调度程序的开发通常考虑到灵活性,这限制了提供实时保证的能力。此外,即使调度程序可以提供实时保证,这些保证也不太可能使用对实现进行的理论分析来正确量化。为了能够分析操作系统调度程序提供的保证,我们开发了一个公开可用的工具,该工具分析从一组线程的执行中提取的时序属性,并计算执行平台提供的供应函数的下限和上限,以及有关迁移的信息和执行时间的统计信息。rt-muse 评估了许多应用程序和平台特性的影响,包括调度算法、可用资源量、共享资源的使用以及内存访问开销。使用 rt-muse,我们展示了 Linux 调度类、共享数据和应用程序并行性对交付计算能力的影响。该工具提供有关应用程序和调度程序的运行时行为的有用见解。在报告的实验中,rt-muse 检测到实时 Linux 调度程序出现的一些问题:尽管有可用的内核,Linux 不会迁移排在具有相同优先级的 SCHED_FIFO 线程后面的 SCHED_RR 线程。以及内存访问开销。使用 rt-muse,我们展示了 Linux 调度类、共享数据和应用程序并行性对交付计算能力的影响。该工具提供有关应用程序和调度程序的运行时行为的有用见解。在报告的实验中,rt-muse 检测到实时 Linux 调度程序出现的一些问题:尽管有可用的内核,Linux 不会迁移排在具有相同优先级的 SCHED_FIFO 线程后面的 SCHED_RR 线程。以及内存访问开销。使用 rt-muse,我们展示了 Linux 调度类、共享数据和应用程序并行性对交付计算能力的影响。该工具提供有关应用程序和调度程序的运行时行为的有用见解。在报告的实验中,rt-muse 检测到实时 Linux 调度程序出现的一些问题:尽管有可用的内核,Linux 不会迁移排在具有相同优先级的 SCHED_FIFO 线程后面的 SCHED_RR 线程。
更新日期:2017-06-30
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