Plasmodesmata pores control the entry and exit of molecules at cell-to-cell boundaries. Hundreds of pores perforate the plant cell wall, connecting cells together and establishing direct cytosolic and membrane continuity. This ability to connect cells in such a way is a hallmark of plant physiology and is thought to have allowed sessile multicellularity in Plantae kingdom. Indeed, plasmodesmata-mediated cell-to-cell signalling is fundamental to many plant-related processes. In fact, there are so many facets of plant biology under the control of plasmodesmata that it is hard to conceive how such tiny structures can do so much. While they provide 'open doors' between cells, they also need to guarantee cellular identities and territories by selectively transporting molecules. Although plasmodesmata operating mode remains difficult to grasp, little by little plant scientists are divulging their secrets. In this review, we highlight novel functions of cell-to-cell signalling and share recent insights into how plasmodesmata structural and molecular signatures confer functional specificity and plasticity to these unique cellular machines.

中文翻译：

---

敢于改变，是纤毛虫介导的细胞间通讯的动力。

浆线虫孔控制分子在细胞间边界的进入和排出。数百个孔贯穿植物细胞壁，将细胞连接在一起并建立直接的胞质和膜连续性。这种以这种方式连接细胞的能力是植物生理学的标志，并且被认为在植物界中具有无柄多细胞性。的确，质膜介导的细胞间信号传导是许多植物相关过程的基础。实际上，在线虫的控制下，植物生物学的面面如此之多，以至于很难想象如此微小的结构如何发挥如此大的作用。尽管它们在细胞之间提供“敞开的门”，但它们还需要通过选择性转运分子来保证细胞的身份和领土。尽管浆线虫的操作模式仍然很难掌握，植物科学家渐渐泄露了他们的秘密。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了细胞间信号传导的新功能，并分享了关于线虫结构和分子特征如何赋予这些独特的细胞机器功能特异性和可塑性的最新见解。