A robust cryogenic infrastructure in form of a wired, thermally optimized dilution refrigerator is essential for solid-state based quantum processors. Here, we engineer a cryogenic setup, which minimizes passive and active heat loads, while guaranteeing rapid qubit control and readout. We review design criteria for qubit drive lines, flux lines, and output lines used in typical experiments with superconducting circuits and describe each type of line in detail. The passive heat load of stainless steel and NbTi coaxial cables and the active load due to signal dissipation are measured, validating our robust and extensible concept for thermal anchoring of attenuators, cables, and other microwave components. Our results are important for managing the heat budget of future large-scale quantum computers based on superconducting circuits.

中文翻译：

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用于100量子位超导电路系统的工程低温设置

有线，热优化稀释制冷机形式的强大低温基础设施对于基于固态的量子处理器至关重要。在这里，我们设计了一种低温装置，该装置可以最大限度地减少被动和主动热负荷，同时保证快速的量子位控制和读出。我们回顾了超导电路典型实验中使用的量子位驱动线，通量线和输出线的设计标准，并详细描述了每种类型的线。测量了不锈钢和NbTi同轴电缆的无源热负荷以及由于信号耗散而产生的有源负荷，这验证了我们用于衰减器，电缆和其他微波组件的热锚固的稳健且可扩展的概念。我们的结果对于管理未来基于超导电路的大型量子计算机的热量预算非常重要。