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Dispersed trees on smallholder farms enhance soil fertility in semi-arid Ethiopia
Ecological Processes ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-05 , DOI: 10.1186/s13717-019-0190-8
Yikunoamlak Gebrewahid , Kassa Teka , Tewolde-Berhan Gebre-Egziabhier , Sara Tewolde-Berhan , Emiru Birhane , Gebru Eyasu , Esayas Meresa

Dispersed trees such as Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich.) and Dalbergia melanoxylon (Guill. & Perr.) which are objectively maintained or planted on farmland provide a significant contribution to soil fertility improvement. However, there was no quantitative information on the level of soil nutrient additions of these trees to the soil system. This study was conducted on the farmers’ fields in Kafta Humera district, Tigray region (northern Ethiopia), where mature stands of O. abyssinica and D. melanoxylon trees exist. Radial distance-based soil sampling (under the canopy, near to canopy, and far from canopy) was adopted to quantify the role of these trees on soil fertility improvement. Soil parameters tested were soil reaction (pH), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AvP), electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic carbon (OC). There was a negative linear relationship between the radial distance of the O. abyssinica tree trunk and soil TN, OC, CEC, and AvP contents but not for pH. Similarly, negative linear relationship between distance from D. melanoxylon and TN, OC, and AvP was obtained. The average total nitrogen (0.26% and 0.13%), available phosphorus (7.21 ppm and 6.37 ppm), and organic carbon (1.73% and 1.02%) contents were respectively higher under the tree canopies of O. abyssinica and D. melanoxylon compared with the adjacent open canopies. The amount of soil OC, TN, AvP, and CEC under O. abyssinica tree species was also significantly higher by 69%, 100%, 13%, and 42% compared to that of D. melanoxylon tree species. However, the amount of EC and soil pH was significantly lower by 57% and 19%, respectively. In general, O. abyssinica and D. melanoxylon added a significant amount of nutrients to the soil. Thus, retaining these important tree species on farmland played a positive role in replenishing soil fertility for resource-constrained households so as to reduce chemical fertilizer amendments.

中文翻译:

小农户农场上分散的树木提高了半干旱埃塞俄比亚的土壤肥力

客观地在农田上维护或种植的分散树种,如土比奇草(A. Rich。)和Dalbergia melanoxylon(Guill。&Perr。),为改善土壤肥力做出了重要贡献。但是,没有关于这些树木在土壤系统中添加土壤养分水平的定量信息。这项研究是在提格雷地区(埃塞俄比亚北部)的卡夫塔·乌梅拉地区的农民田间进行的,那里有成熟的奥比斯汀草和黑麦草树。采用基于径向距离的土壤采样(在冠层下,接近冠层和远离冠层)来量化这些树木对提高土壤肥力的作用。测试的土壤参数包括土壤反应(pH),总氮(TN),有效磷(AvP),电导率(EC),阳离子交换容量(CEC),和有机碳(OC)。奥比斯汀树干的径向距离与土壤TN,OC,CEC和AvP含量之间呈负线性关系,但pH值则没有。类似地,获得了距D. melanoxylon与TN,OC和AvP的距离之间的负线性关系。奥比斯藻和黑线兰的树冠下的平均总氮(0.26%和0.13%),有效磷(7.21 ppm和6.37 ppm)和有机碳(1.73%和1.02%)分别高于普通冠层。相邻的开放檐篷。奥比斯丁香树种下的土壤OC,TN,AvP和CEC的含量也比D. melanoxylon树种高出69%,100%,13%和42%。但是,EC和土壤pH值分别明显降低了57%和19%。通常,O。阿比西尼卡(Abyssinica)和黑腹果蝇(D. melanoxylon)向土壤中添加了大量营养。因此,将这些重要的树种保留在农田上在为资源匮乏的家庭补充土壤肥力以减少化学肥料改良剂方面发挥了积极作用。
更新日期:2019-09-05
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