The varied list of agonists that activate innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) continues to grow, but whether and how these signals interact is not well defined, especially in vivo. ILC subsets share master transcription factors, chromatin landscapes, and effector cytokines with their corresponding T helper (Th) cell subsets. Here we discuss how studies of these two cell types can inform each other. Specifically, we outline a framework in which ILC agonists are grouped by the transcription factors they activate. Optimal ILC activation requires at least three items from a 'menu' of non-redundant signals that collectively replicate the STAT and TCR signaling that drives effector Th cell function. This conceptual model may also apply to TCR-independent 'bystander' activation of Th cells.

中文翻译：

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ILC和旁观者T细胞激活的三个过程菜单。

激活先天淋巴样细胞（ILC）的激动剂的种类不断增加，但是这些信号是否相互作用以及如何相互作用尚不确定，尤其是在体内。ILC子集与其相应的T辅助（Th）细胞子集共享主转录因子，染色质分布和效应细胞因子。在这里，我们讨论对这两种细胞类型的研究如何相互告知。具体来说，我们概述了一个框架，其中ILC激动剂按它们激活的转录因子分组。最佳的ILC激活需要来自非冗余信号“菜单”中的至少三项，这些信号共同复制驱动效应子Th细胞功能的STAT和TCR信号。该概念模型也可应用于不依赖TCR的Th细胞“旁观者”激活。