The results of high-resolution records of pollen, plant macroremains and charred plant particles, diatoms, Cladocera and geochemistry from a ¹⁴C-dated core, and geomorphological studies enabled the reconstruction of landscape development at a site in western Poland which was occupied by Mesolithic hunter-gatherer groups. Special attention was paid to the evidence of human activities recorded in the sediments of the palaeolake located next to the archaeological site. The presence of pollen types from communities characteristic of openings in the forest, macroscopic/microscopic charcoal, and charred particles of herbaceous plants (mostly from between 5500 and 4600 bc, with clearly visible maxima ca 5300, 4900 and 4700 bc) evidence the changes related to these various kinds of activities. These analyses allowed us to reconstruct the fire events at and around the site as well as to consider whether they originated from natural or human induced fires. The increase in the biogenic sediments of elements such as Na, K and Mg indicate an intensive erosion of mineral soil between 5100 and 4600 bc, mirroring human activity in the vicinity of the Kopanica site. In addition, Cladocera analysis permitted a detailed recognition of palaeolake eutrophication ca 7200–4600 bc, also eutrophication induced by human impact between 5100 and 4600 bc.

中文翻译：

---

Lubuskie Lakeland（波兰西部）中石器活动的多代理记录

从¹⁴ C年代的岩心高分辨率记录花粉，植物大残留物和烧焦的植物颗粒，硅藻，克拉多菌和地球化学的结果，并且地貌学研究使波兰西部一个中石器时代遗址得以重建景观发展狩猎者-采集者团体。特别注意记录在考古遗址旁边的古湖沉积物中人类活动的证据。花粉类型的存在是由森林中的开孔，宏观/微观木炭以及草本植物的烧焦颗粒所特有的（主要是在5500和4600 bc之间，最大清晰可见的大约是5300、4900和4700 bc））证明与这些各种活动有关的变化。这些分析使我们能够重建现场及其周围的火灾，并考虑这些火灾是自然火灾还是人为火灾。中的元素，如Na，K和Mg的生物沉积物的增加表明矿土的5100和4600之间的密集侵蚀BC，在Kopanica部位附近镜像人类活动。此外，Cladocera分析允许详细识别古湖富营养化大约7200–4600 bc，也可以识别5100至4600 bc之间的人类影响而引起的富营养化。