Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent immune cells that control innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have shown that the DCs are required for protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, the role of conventional DC (cDC) subsets during S. aureus infection in vivo has not been well investigated. In this study, we examined the function of spleen DC subsets in the activation of immunity against S. aureus infection. C57BL/6 mice were infected intravenously with S. aureus and DC and T‐cell activation were analyzed in vivo. We found that the spleen CD8α⁻ cDCs phagocytosed S. aureus more efficiently than type‐1 conventional DCs (cDC1s) did. Moreover, the CD8α⁻ cDCs contributed to the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to S. aureus infection, whereas the cDC1s did not. In addition, infection with S. aureus promoted an increase in the number of Vβ T cells. The CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ Vβ T cells up‐regulated the production of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) in response to S. aureus infection. Importantly, the induction of IFN‐γ and IL‐17 production in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ Vβ T cells was mediated by S. aureus‐stimulated CD8α⁻ cDCs, whereas cDC1s failed to promote IFN‐γ and IL‐17 production in the cells. Therefore, these data suggested that the spleen CD8α⁻ cDCs are the main DC subsets for induction of S. aureus superantigen‐specific immunity.

中文翻译：

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CD8α-常规树突细胞响应小鼠中的金黄色葡萄球菌感染而控制VβT细胞免疫。

树突状细胞（DC）是有效的免疫细胞，可控制先天性和适应性免疫反应。先前的研究表明，DCs是预防金黄色葡萄球菌感染所必需的。但是，尚未对常规的DC（cDC）亚型在体内金黄色葡萄球菌感染过程中的作用进行研究。在这项研究中，我们检查了脾脏DC亚群在抗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的免疫激活中的功能。将C57BL / 6小鼠静脉感染金黄色葡萄球菌，并在体内分析DC和T细胞活化。我们发现，CD8脾α ^- cDC上吞噬金黄色葡萄球菌比类型1的常规DC（cDC1）更有效。此外，CD8 α ^- cDC上有助于生产响应于促炎细胞因子的金黄色葡萄球菌感染，而cDC1s没有。另外，金黄色葡萄球菌的感染促进了VβT细胞数量的增加。的CD4 ⁺和CD8 ⁺ V β T细胞上调生产干扰素γ（IFN- γ）和白介素17（IL-17），以响应金黄色葡萄球菌感染。重要的是，在CD4 ^+中诱导IFN- γ和IL-17的产生和CD8 ⁺ V β T细胞介导的金黄色葡萄球菌刺激的CD8 α ^- cDC上，而cDC1s未能促进IFN- γ和IL-17生产中的细胞。因此，这些数据表明，脾CD8 α ^- cDC上是主要的DC亚群用于诱导金黄色葡萄球菌超抗原特异性免疫力。