The development of bioenergy markets is beneficial from a climate perspective and helps ensure sustainable forest management both locally and globally. This study aimed to provide an overview of the current state of Lithuanian forest biomass resources with a particular focus on the legal, economic and ecological aspects of forest biomass use for energy and to identify the lessons that should be learned from the history of biomass introduction in the country’s energy sector. These experiences and lessons are valuable both nationally and internationally, where good practices and challenges for the introduction and development of forest biomass for energy production are revealed. We examined the question of whether regulatory drivers in the energy sector can increase forest biomass use for energy production and contribute to sustainable development of Lithuania. To answer this question, we described the legal and market instruments regulating forest biomass use for energy production, the forestry sector and renewable energy policy in Lithuania, the current and potential amount of forest biomass available for energy production and ecological considerations relating to forest biomass use for energy. In Lithuania, forest biomass resources are strategically important for the renewable energy sector. The National Energy Strategy of Lithuania aims to increase the share of renewable energy sources, including forest biomass, within the total energy consumption, with targets of 30% in 2020, 45% in 2030 and 80% in 2050. Lithuania successfully achieved the target of EU legislation on renewables in 2015 ahead of the obligation to achieve it in 2020. Renewable energy is mainly used in heating, as well as in the electricity and transport sectors. This has resulted in a significant price reduction for end users due to the increased use of biomass, mainly local forest biomass, for heat energy production and in the emergence of a biofuel exchange, which acts as a system of biomass auctions that to some extent prevent unjustified price increases. Legislation developed for the energy biomass market in Lithuania allows efficient restructuring of the energy sector, especially for heat production. The Lithuanian energy sector has already successfully replaced imported and relatively expensive natural gas with locally available cheaper renewable energy sources (RES). Compliance with formal environmental regulations is required to protect the soil, ground vegetation, understory and biodiversity during commercial tree harvesting. Lithuania has basic guidelines for the use of wood ash as a compensatory fertiliser, with strict requirements for the chemical quality of wood ash.

中文翻译：

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立陶宛森林生物量资源：其使用和潜力的法律，经济和生态方面

从气候角度看，生物能源市场的发展是有益的，并有助于确保本地和全球的可持续森林管理。这项研究旨在概述立陶宛森林生物量资源的现状，特别侧重于森林生物量用于能源的法律，经济和生态方面，并确定从生物量引进历史中应汲取的教训。该国的能源部门。这些经验和教训在国内和国际上都是宝贵的，在此揭示了引进和开发用于能源生产的森林生物质的良好做法和挑战。我们研究了能源部门的监管驱动因素是否可以增加森林生物质用于能源生产并促进立陶宛的可持续发展的问题。为了回答这个问题，我们描述了调节森林生物质用于能源生产的法律和市场工具，立陶宛的林业部门和可再生能源政策，可用于能源生产的森林生物质的当前和潜在数量以及与森林生物质使用有关的生态考虑能源。在立陶宛，森林生物质资源对可再生能源部门具有重要的战略意义。立陶宛国家能源战略旨在增加包括森林生物质在内的可再生能源在总能源消耗中的份额，目标是2020年达到30％，2030年达到45％，2050年达到80％。立陶宛在有义务在2020年之前成功实现了2015年欧盟可再生能源立法的目标。可再生能源主要用于供暖以及电力和运输领域。由于增加了对生物质（主要是当地森林生物质）的利用，用于热能生产，以及出现了生物燃料交换，生物燃料拍卖在某种程度上阻止了生物质的拍卖，从而使最终用户的价格大大降低。不合理的提价。为立陶宛的能源生物质市场制定的立法允许对能源部门进行有效的重组，尤其是在供热方面。立陶宛能源部门已经成功地用当地可用的廉价可再生能源（RES）替代了进口和相对昂贵的天然气。在商业采伐树木时，必须遵守正式的环境法规，以保护土壤，地面植被，林下树木和生物多样性。立陶宛有使用木灰作为补偿肥料的基本指南，对木灰的化学质量有严格的要求。