Landslide dams formed by successive rock slides in the same location may cause severe and long-term destruction to affected areas. However, studies on the formation of landslide dams that result from successive rock slides are still at early stages. In this paper, a flume test that could model rock fragmentation and the flow of fragmentary material is used to study the formation of landslide dams triggered by successive long-runout rock slides. The tests assess the effects of number of blocks, the number of times the blocks are released, and the initial arrangement of blocks before release on the dam geometry. The maximum and minimum landslide dam heights rise with the increasing number of blocks in each series of tests, while there is minimal or even no growth in the dam length for some series. Additionally, more block releases produce larger minimum dam height but smaller maximum dam height. Together, these results indicate that more releases are prone to fully block the flow channel by forming a steep dam. Furthermore, the initial block arrangement is also found to influence the landslide dam formation. In this study, landslide dams caused by successive rock slides are divided into two types: the stable type, namely, the landslide dam(s) already formed by the previous slide event(s) maintains general stability before the next slide lands on the dam surface; the unstable type, namely, the landslide dam(s) by the previous slide episode(s) has failed before the next damming slide occurs. Field investigations showed that slide episodes in both types of successive landslide dams are influential for the dam formation and river morphology.

中文翻译：

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连续滑坡中碎屑形成滑坡坝的实验研究

在同一位置由连续的岩石滑坡形成的滑坡坝可能会对受影响的地区造成严重和长期的破坏。然而，关于由连续的岩石滑坡引起的滑坡坝形成的研究仍处于早期阶段。在本文中，一种可以模拟岩石破碎和碎片流的水槽试验被用来研究由连续的长跳动的岩石滑坡触发的滑坡坝的形成。这些测试评估了砌块数量，砌块释放的次数以及砌块释放之前对坝体几何形状的初始布置的影响。在每个系列的试验中，最大和最小滑坡坝高度随砌块数量的增加而增加，而在某些系列中，坝长的增长则最小甚至没有增长。另外，释放更多的块会产生更大的最小水坝高度，但会减小最大水坝高度。总之，这些结果表明，更多的释放物易于通过形成陡峭的水坝而完全阻塞流道。此外，还发现初始砌块布置会影响滑坡坝的形成。在这项研究中，由连续的岩石滑坡引起的滑坡坝被分为两种类型：稳定类型，即，先前滑坡事件已经形成的滑坡坝在下一滑坡降落在坝体之前保持了总体稳定性。表面; 不稳定类型，即前一个滑坡事件的滑坡坝在下一个滑坡发生之前就已经失效。现场调查表明，两种类型的连续滑坡坝中的滑坡事件都对坝的形成和河流形态产生影响。