In this study, plasma reforming of toluene as a tar model compound from biomass gasification has been carried out using an AC gliding arc discharge reactor. The influence of steam and CO₂ addition on the reforming of toluene has been evaluated. The results show that the highest toluene conversion (59.9%) was achieved when adding 3 vol% CO₂ at a toluene concentration of 16.1 g/Nm³ and a specific energy input of 0.25 kWh/m³. Further increasing CO₂ concentration to 12 vol% decreased the conversion of toluene. The presence of steam in the plasma CO₂ reforming of toluene creates oxidative OH radicals which contribute to the enhanced conversion of toluene and energy efficiency of the plasma reforming process through stepwise oxidation of toluene and reaction intermediates. Hydrogen and C₂H₂ were identified as the major gas products in the plasma reforming of toluene without CO₂ or steam, with a yield of 9.7% and 14.5%, respectively, while syngas was the primary products with a maximum yield of 58.3% (27.5% for H₂ and 30.8% for CO) in the plasma reforming with the addition of 12 vol% CO₂. The plausible reaction pathways and mechanism in the plasma reforming of toluene have been proposed through the combination of the analysis of gas and condensed products and spectroscopic diagnostics.

中文翻译：

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等离子体重整生物质气化过程中甲苯作为焦油化合物的典范：CO 2和蒸汽的影响

在这项研究中，已经使用交流滑动电弧放电反应器对生物质气化过程中的甲苯作为焦油模型化合物进行了等离子体重整。评估了蒸汽和CO ₂添加对甲苯重整的影响。结果表明，在甲苯浓度为16.1 g / Nm ³且比能量输入为0.25 kWh / m ^{3的情况下}，添加3 vol％的CO ₂可获得最高的甲苯转化率（59.9％）。进一步将CO ₂浓度增加至12体积％会降低甲苯的转化率。等离子体CO _2中存在蒸汽甲苯的重整产生氧化的OH自由基，该自由基通过甲苯和反应中间体的逐步氧化，有助于提高甲苯的转化率和等离子体重整过程的能效。氢气和C ₂ H ₂被确定为甲苯在没有CO ₂或蒸汽的情况下进行等离子重整的主要气体产物，产率分别为9.7％和14.5％，而合成气为主要产物，最大产率为58.3％在等离子体重整中添加12 vol％的CO ₂（H ₂为27.5％，CO为30.8％）。通过对气体和冷凝产物的分析以及光谱诊断的结合，提出了甲苯等离子体重整中可能的反应途径和机理。