This paper traces the social and cultural dimensions of quantum physics in colonial India where Satyendranath Bose worked. By focusing on Bose’s approach towards the quantum and his collaboration with Albert Einstein, I argue that his physics displayed both the localities of doing science in early twentieth century India as well as a cosmopolitan dimension. He transformed the fundamental new concept of the light quantum developed by Einstein in 1905 within the social and political context of colonial India. This cross-pollination of the local with the global is termed here as the locally rooted cosmopolitan nature of Bose’s science. The production of new knowledge through quantum statistics by Bose show the co-constructed nature of physics and the transnational nature of the quantum.

中文翻译：

---

跨国量子：从 Satyendranath Bose 的视角看印度的量子物理学

本文追溯了 Satyendranath Bose 工作的殖民地印度量子物理学的社会和文化维度。通过关注 Bose 对量子的研究方法以及他与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的合作，我认为他的物理学既展示了 20 世纪早期印度的科学领域，又展示了世界性的维度。他在 1905 年在殖民印度的社会和政治背景下改变了爱因斯坦在 1905 年提出的光量子的基本新概念。本地与全球的这种交叉传播在这里被称为 Bose 科学的本地化的世界性本质。Bose 通过量子统计产生的新知识展示了物理学的共建性质和量子的跨国性质。