Reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) from wastewater reclamation in water reuse retains concentrated toxic bio-refractory organics, and developing technologies for their removal is essential. This paper reviews innovative treatment technologies for organic contaminants in the ROC, and treatment options for applications are proposed. To adequately manage ROC, volume reduction and quality improvement are important. Forward osmosis (FO) can reduce the ROC volume. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) result in degrading organic contaminants and producing biodegradable organics, but the reduction of energy consumption is required. Coagulation is an effective option as a pre-treatment of AOPs and can improve the biodegradability of ROC. Partial use of short-time AOPs can transform high molecular weight organics into relatively biodegradable organics. Among AOPs, a rotating advanced oxidation contactor (RAOC) can be an energy-saving technique for removing bio-refractory organics from ROC using solar light irradiation. Post-biological treatment can significantly save energy and efficiently eliminate biodegradable organics that are produced by AOPs. Microalgae cultivation is also an effective option for resource recovery from ROC. Considering the techniques, an integrated process comprising FO, pre-coagulation, short-time and/or solar-driven AOPs (e.g., RAOC), and post-biological treatment is proposed as an energy-saving and cost-effective technology for ROC treatment.

中文翻译：

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中水回用浓缩液中有机污染物的创新处理：综述

中水回用中的反渗透浓缩液（ROC）保留了浓缩的有毒生物难降解有机物，因此开发去除这些有机物的技术至关重要。本文回顾了ROC中有机污染物的创新处理技术，并提出了应用的处理方案。为了充分管理ROC，减小体积和提高质量很重要。正向渗透（FO）可以减小ROC体积。先进的氧化过程（AOP）导致有机污染物降解并产生可生物降解的有机物，但需要降低能耗。凝血作为AOP的预处理是一种有效的选择，可以提高ROC的生物降解性。短时间AOP的部分使用可以将高分子量有机物转化为可生物降解的有机物。在AOP中，旋转式高级氧化接触器（RAOC）可以是一种节能技术，可以利用太阳光照射从ROC中去除生物难熔有机物。生物后处理可以大大节省能源并有效消除AOP产生的可生物降解的有机物。微藻栽培也是从中华民国资源回收的有效选择。考虑到这些技术，提出了一种包括FO，预混凝，短时间和/或太阳能驱动的AOP（例如RAOC）和生物后处理的集成工艺，作为ROC治疗的一种节能且经济高效的技术。生物后处理可以大大节省能源并有效消除AOP产生的可生物降解的有机物。微藻栽培也是从中华民国资源回收的有效选择。考虑到这些技术，提出了一种包括FO，预混凝，短时间和/或太阳能驱动的AOP（例如RAOC）和生物后处理的集成工艺，作为ROC治疗的一种节能且经济高效的技术。生物后处理可以大大节省能源并有效消除AOP产生的可生物降解的有机物。微藻栽培也是从中华民国资源回收的有效选择。考虑到这些技术，提出了一种包括FO，预混凝，短时间和/或太阳能驱动的AOP（例如RAOC）和生物后处理的集成工艺，作为ROC治疗的一种节能且经济高效的技术。