In air traffic control (ATC), teamwork is a key component among air traffic control operators (ATCOs) to safely direct the aircraft through the sky and on the ground. To be able to design for future ATC systems, we must understand how ATCOs work together, their teamwork, and how they experience and perceive teamwork, in different ATC environments. We conducted interviews with 16 ATCOs working in four different ATC environments (en-route control, terminal area control, tower control for a small airport and tower control for a large airport in Sweden) and analysed the results in the light of the “Big Five” model of teamwork. The main contributions of this paper are to show: (1) how eight teamwork factors are differently manifested by the ATCOs in the different ATC environments, (2) that teamwork in ATC is important during routine operations, during stressful work, and during abnormal situations, and (3) that the design of the organisation, the environment, and the tools, affects teamwork and the importance of different teamwork factors.

中文翻译：

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设计对 ATC 团队合作的影响

在空中交通管制 (ATC) 中，团队合作是空中交通管制运营商 (ATCO) 之间安全引导飞机穿越天空和地面的关键组成部分。为了能够为未来的 ATC 系统进行设计，我们必须了解 ATCO 在不同的 ATC 环境中如何协同工作、他们的团队合作以及他们如何体验和感知团队合作。我们采访了在四种不同的 ATC 环境（航路控制、终端区控制、小型机场塔台控制和瑞典大型机场塔台控制）工作的 16 名 ATCO，并根据“五巨头”对结果进行了分析。 ”的团队合作模式。本文的主要贡献在于：(1) 空中交通管制员在不同的 ATC 环境中如何不同地表现出八个团队合作因素，(2) ATC 中的团队合作在日常操作中很重要，