The tree diameter distribution was used to characterize the impact of forest disturbances and the ecosystem dynamics during the process of regeneration in the absence of any management 44 years after the event. In addition, the impact of salvage logging after windthrow remains unknown, especially on long-term responses. In this study, comparisons were made between the “unsalvaged” and “salvaged” post-storm management scenarios. The study was conducted in Slitere Natural Park in the Northwest part of Latvia, where large-scale windthrow occurred on November 2, 1969. The three-parameter Weibull function was used to describe the diameter distribution of Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands formed after large-scale wind storm in two site types (on fertile mineral soils: with normal moisture regime (fresh)—Oxalidosa—and with periodic excess water (wet)—Myrtilloso-sphagnosa) and where salvage logging was or was not carried out (management scenarios). The naturally regenerated stands remained Norway spruce dominated and were independent of the post-storm management scenarios; still, they were significantly affected by a forest type. The three-parameter Weibull distribution function suited well to actual diameter distributions of the sample plots. Diameter distributions significantly differed between the forest types: In Myrtilloso - sphagnosa (wet) forest stands, it was a negative exponential and in Oxalidosa (fresh) stands unimodal and positively skewed. We did not detect distribution differences caused by salvage after a large-scale disturbance, indicating that other factors (like ecological importance of deadwood, a risk of insect outbreaks to neighboring areas, etc.) need to be considered, when deciding on the post-storm management.

中文翻译：

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补救采伐对半天然云杉林林分组成的长期影响

树木直径分布用于表征事件发生后 44 年没有任何管理的再生过程中森林干扰和生态系统动态的影响。此外，风抛后打捞伐木的影响仍然未知，尤其是对长期响应的影响。在这项研究中，对“未打捞”和“打捞”的风暴后管理情景进行了比较。1969年11月2日，拉脱维亚西北部的斯莱特自然公园发生了大规模风抛。利用三参数威布尔函数描述了挪威云杉（ Picea abies (L.)喀斯特。）在两种场地类型（在肥沃的矿质土壤上）在大规模风暴后形成的林分：具有正常水分状况（新鲜）—Oxalidosa—和定期过量水（湿）—Myrtilloso-sphagnosa）以及进行或未进行打捞采伐的地方（管理方案）。自然再生的林分仍然以挪威云杉为主，不受风暴后管理方案的影响；尽管如此，它们仍受森林类型的显着影响。三参数威布尔分布函数非常适合样本图的实际直径分布。森林类型之间的直径分布显着不同：在 Myrtilloso - sphagnosa（湿）林分中，它是一个负指数，而在 Oxalidosa（新鲜）林分中，是单峰和正偏斜。我们没有检测到大规模扰动后打捞引起的分布差异，