This study demonstrates that soybean cultivars respond differentially to damage in a herbivore-specific manner, and trigger responses decreasing herbivore performance. Soybean crops are affected by a great number of insect herbivores, resulting in devastating yield losses. Secondary metabolites like proteinase inhibitors and phenolic compounds are part of plants’ defense mechanisms against insect pests. However, the specificity of soybean defense responses to different attacking herbivores is poorly known. To investigate species-specific foliage responses to herbivory, we used two different commercial soybean cultivars (DM 4210 and DM 5.8i) widely used in Argentina with diverse susceptibility to insects’ attack and two species of phytophagous insects, thrips (Caliothrips phaseoli; Thysanoptera) and lepidopteran larvae (Spodoptera frugiperda; Lepidoptera) with a different way of feeding. Benzoic acid derivative levels were increased by damage of both insect species in the foliage of the field-grown soybean cultivars, whereas trypsin protease inhibitors activity was induced in cultivar (cv) DM 4210 by fall armyworm damage and malonyl genistein content in cv DM 5.8i after thrips’ attack. Although survivorship and mass of fall armyworm larvae were not differentially affected in field conditions by soybean cultivars, larvae reared in the laboratory that fed on cv DM 5.8i gained more mass than those on DM 4210. Conversely, thrips performance, natural colonization, and preference of feeding were higher on cv DM 4210 than on cv DM 5.8i. The differential effects of soybean cultivars on insectspecies’ performance were explained not only by induced defenses, but also by differences of constitutive defenses between cultivars. This study demonstrated that soybean cultivars responded differentially to damage in a herbivore-specific manner, and triggered responses decreased herbivore performance.

中文翻译：

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不同的大豆品种对食草动物的损害反应不同，食草动物的性能下降

这项研究表明，大豆品种以草食动物特异性方式对损害做出不同反应，并引发降低草食动物性能的反应。大豆作物受到大量昆虫食草动物的影响，导致毁灭性的产量损失。次级代谢产物（如蛋白酶抑制剂和酚类化合物）是植物对抗害虫的防御机制的一部分。但是，人们对大豆对不同攻击性草食动物的防御反应的特异性知之甚少。为了研究特定种类的叶片对食草的反应，我们使用了两种不同的商业大豆栽培品种（DM 4210和DM 5.8i），该品种在阿根廷广泛使用，对昆虫的攻击易感性不同，并且有两种植物吞噬性昆虫（蓟马）; y翅目（Thysanoptera）和鳞翅目幼虫（Spodoptera frugiperda; 鳞翅目）以不同的喂养方式。田间种植的大豆品种叶片中的两种昆虫都破坏了苯甲酸衍生物水平，而秋天粘虫的破坏和cv DM 5.8i中丙二酸二异黄酮的含量引起了品种（cv）DM 4210胰蛋白酶蛋白酶抑制剂的活性。蓟马发作后。尽管田间条件下秋季粘虫幼虫的存活率和质量没有受到大豆品种的差异影响，但在实验室饲养的饲喂cv DM 5.8i的幼虫的质量要比DM 4210更高。相反，蓟马表现，自然定殖和偏好cv DM 4210的进食量高于cv DM 5.8i。不仅通过诱导防御来解释大豆品种对昆虫种类性能的不同影响，而且还取决于品种之间的本构防御。这项研究表明，大豆品种对食草动物的损害反应不同，而引发的反应则降低了食草动物的生产能力。